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. 2020 Aug 24;17:29. doi: 10.1186/s12950-020-00260-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Clinical parameters of DSS-treated mice administered nicotine or anatabine. a Mice were orally administered nicotine or anatabine (5 or 20 mg/kg) for a total of 21 days. Colitis was induced by oral administration of 3.5% DSS in drinking water ad libitum during days 14–21. b Body weight changes in mice during the colitis induction and recovery phases. Body weight changes were calculated as percentage relative to the starting day of DSS treatment (day 0). c Colon weight/length ratio are represented as mg/cm of colon. d DAI was calculated according to weight loss, colon weight/length ratio, and intestinal bleeding. e Stool occult blood score. f Intestinal bleeding score. g Diarrhea score. h Colon inflammatory status. Data are shown as mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001. Nic 5, nicotine 5 mg/kg; Nic 20, nicotine 20 mg/kg; Ana 5, anatabine 5 mg/kg; Ana 20, anatabine 20 mg/kg