Table 1.
Univariable and Multivariable Associations of Socio-demographic Characteristics and Active Time in Service with Suicide Attempt Among Deployed Enlisted Soldiers in the U.S. Army Reserve Components.1
Univariable Analyses2 | Multivariable Analysis3 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | (95% CI) | aOR | (95% CI) | Cases (N) | Total (N)4 | Rate5 | Pop %6 | SRE7 | |
Gender | |||||||||
Male | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 181 | 3,047,781 | 71.3 | 89.8 | 71 |
Female | 2.4* | (1.7–3.2) | 2.5* | (1.8–3.5) | 49 | 345,849 | 170.0 | 10.2 | 178 |
χ21 | 28.2* | 29.9* | |||||||
Age at Army Entry (years) | |||||||||
< 21 | 1.1 | (0.7–1.5) | 1.2 | (0.8–1.8) | 173 | 2,548,173 | 81.5 | 75.1 | 88 |
21–24 | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 35 | 527,235 | 79.7 | 15.5 | 72 |
≥ 25 | 1.0 | (0.6–1.7) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.5) | 22 | 318,222 | 83.0 | 9.4 | 58 |
χ22 | 0.1 | 1.8 | |||||||
Current Age (years) | |||||||||
< 21 | 1.6 | (1.0–2.6) | 0.9 | (0.4–1.9) | 34 | 291,634 | 139.9 | 8.6 | 94 |
21–24 | 1.1 | (0.7–1.7) | 0.7 | (0.4–1.3) | 69 | 848,669 | 97.6 | 25.0 | 72 |
25–29 | 1.1 | (0.7–1.7) | 0.9 | (0.5–1.5) | 56 | 695,856 | 96.6 | 20.5 | 89 |
30–34 | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 31 | 439,431 | 84.7 | 12.9 | 102 |
35–39 | 0.6 | (0.4–1.1) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.5) | 21 | 452,221 | 55.7 | 13.3 | 82 |
≥ 40 | 0.4* | (0.2–0.7) | 0.6 | (0.3–1.3) | 19 | 665,819 | 34.2 | 19.6 | 61 |
χ25 | 29.3* | 4.5 | |||||||
Race/Ethnicity | |||||||||
White | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 162 | 2,386,762 | 81.4 | 70.3 | 81 |
Black | 1.1 | (0.7–1.5) | 1.1 | (0.8–1.6) | 35 | 494,235 | 85.0 | 14.6 | 90 |
Hispanic | 1.0 | (0.6–1.6) | 1.0 | (0.6–1.6) | 21 | 301,821 | 83.5 | 8.9 | 81 |
Asian | 0.7 | (0.3–1.5) | 0.7 | (0.3–1.6) | 7 | 141,607 | 59.3 | 4.2 | 60 |
Other | 1.0 | (0.4–2.5) | 1.0 | (0.4–2.4) | 5 | 69,205 | 86.7 | 2.0 | 80 |
χ24 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||||
Education | |||||||||
< High School8 | 2.0* | (1.5–2.8) | 1.8* | (1.3–2.5) | 54 | 405,654 | 159.7 | 12.0 | 136 |
High School | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 155 | 2,473,755 | 75.2 | 72.9 | 74 |
Some College | 0.7 | (0.3–1.4) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.6) | 8 | 188,808 | 50.8 | 5.6 | 58 |
≥ College | 0.7 | (0.4–1.2) | 0.8 | (0.5–1.5) | 13 | 325,413 | 47.9 | 9.6 | 62 |
χ23 | 26.2* | 15.8* | |||||||
Marital Status | |||||||||
Never Married | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 100 | 1,652,300 | 72.9 | 48.7 | 58 |
Currently Married | 1.2 | (0.9–1.6) | 2.0* | (1.5–2.7) | 121 | 1,606,521 | 90.4 | 47.3 | 118 |
Previously Married | 1.0 | (0.5–2.1) | 1.7 | (0.8–3.5) | 9 | 134,809 | 81.1 | 4.0 | 100 |
χ22 | 2.5 | 21.6* | |||||||
Active Time in Service9 | |||||||||
1–2 Years | 1.7* | (1.2–2.4) | 2.0* | (1.2–3.4) | 121 | 1,124,921 | 129.1 | 33.1 | 130 |
3–4 Years | 1.0 | (0.6–1.6) | 1.2 | (0.7–2.0) | 37 | 576,837 | 77.0 | 17.0 | 76 |
5–10 Years | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 38 | 613,638 | 74.3 | 18.1 | 64 |
≥ 11 Years | 0.5* | (0.3–0.8) | 0.7 | (0.3–1.3) | 34 | 1,078,234 | 37.8 | 31.8 | 42 |
χ23 | 37.3* | 10.8* | |||||||
Total | – | – | 230 | 3,393,630 | 81.3 | 100.0 | – |
Abbreviations: OR= Odds ratio, CI= Confidence Interval, aOR = adjusted odds ratio, SRE = standardized risk estimate
The sample of deployed Reserve Component enlisted soldiers (n=230 cases, 16,967 control person-months) is a subset of the total Reserve Component sample (n=70,970 person-months) from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers Historical Administrative Data Study. All analyses included a dummy predictor variable for calendar month and year to control for secular trends.
Parameter estimates from weighted univariable analyses (i.e., each variable modeled separately with suicide attempt)
Parameter estimates were weighted and adjusted for gender, age at army entry, current age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, and active time in service
Total includes both cases (i.e., suicide attempters) and weighted control person-months.
Rate per 100,000 person-years, calculated based on n1/n2, where n1 is the unique number of soldiers within each category and n2 is the annual number of person-years, not person-months, in the population.
Pop% = Percent of the currently deployed Reserve Component enlisted population.
SRE = Standardized risk estimate (suicide attempters per 100,000 person-years) calculated assuming other predictors were at their sample-wide means.
<High School includes: General Educational Development credential (GED), home study diploma, occupational program certificate, correspondence school diploma, high school certificate of attendance, adult education diploma, and other non-traditional high school credentials.
Based on the number of months a soldier served on active duty (e.g., 1–2 years = 0–24 months of active service; 3–4 years = 25–48 months of active service, etc.).
p<0.05