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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Maps. 2020 Apr 15;16(1):101–112. doi: 10.1080/17445647.2020.1750066

Table 4.

County Characteristics based on Anselin Moran’s I Results

Unclustered High Deprivation Low Deprivation High Cluster Outlier Low Cluster Outlier
Characteristics
Mostly Urban* 513 261 310 76 83
Mostly Rural* 419 406 279 29 45
Completely Rural* 195 163 284 20 24
% of Age Group (SD)
 % Under 18 23.13 (3.62) 24.08 (2.83) 22.88 (2.95) 25.07 (4.37) 23.28 (3.14)
 % 18 to 24 8.72 (3.93) 9.34 (2.82) 8.15 (3.86) 9.48 (2.52) 9.09 (4.04)
 % 25 to 44 23.47 (3.13) 24.96 (2.46) 22.39 (3.23) 25.09 (3.13) 24.91 (3.18)
 % 45 to 64 28.35 (3.41) 27.20 (2.58) 29.07 (3.18) 26.45 (2.98) 28.14 (3.11)
 % 65 and older 16.25 (4.36) 14.44 (2.73) 17.52 (4.39) 13.91 (3.21) 14.59 (4.08)
Race/Ethnicity (SD)
 % White 77.77 (21.13) 65.74 (23.57) 90.04 (11.31) 69.17 (25.32) 76.28 (18.20)
 % Black 4.37 (6.47) 21.57 (20.44) 1.54 (2.96) 5.44 (9.73) 10.18 (9.89)
 % Hispanic 14.33 (10.78) 8.06 (16.23) 4.50 (5.58) 11.72 (13.71) 6.90 (9.35)
 % Native American 1.76 (6.27) 1.30 (5.58) 0.89 (2.41) 7.78 (20.04) 0.64 (1.83)
 % Asian 1.16 (2.37) 0.74 (1.47) 0.93 (1.58) 0.96 (1.22) 1.70 (3.12)
 % Pacific Islander 0.07 (0.13) 0.04 (0.09) 0.04 (0.10) 0.04 (0.08) 0.05 (0.06)
 % Other 0.09 (0.09) 0.08 (0.08) 0.07 (0.17) 0.10 (0.17) 0.11 (0.08)
 % Two or More Races 1.59 (1.06) 1.27 (1.06) 0.07 (0.17) 1.59 (1.02) 1.51 (0.90)
Health Related Outcomes (SD)
 Premature Death (Years of Potential Life Lost)1 1845.70 (7734.02) 9922.00 (2184.17) 5747.27 (2523.96) 8438.8 (3725.69) 7386.26 (2287.42)
 % Fair or Poor Health2 17.02 (5.02) 23.00 (5.53) 10.34 (5.56) 14.8 (6.62) 15.26 (6.90)
 % Adult Smokers3 21.50 (5.90) 24.00 (6.13) 15.20 (7.90) 21.37 (8.87) 18.55 (8.00)
 % Adult Obese4 29.71 (3.93) 34.00 (3.74) 29.11 (3.80) 30.95 (4.44) 29.91 (3.59)
 % Diabetes Screening5 83.44 (6.10) 83.00 (6.25) 84.35 (13.78) 80.62 (15.08_ 83.76 (10.52)
 % of Adults Physical Inactive6 26.73 (4.97) 32.00 (4.60) 26.20 (4.78) 27.4 (4.23) 27.38 (4.99)
 % Access to Exercise7 55.21 (24.05) 42.00 (23.55) 55.61 (23.29) 60.31 (23.82) 55.73 (22.88)
*

These numbers represent the number of counties in the contiguous U.S.

1

Years of potential life lost before age 75 per 100,000 population (age-adjusted) National Center for Health Statistics

2

Percent of adults reporting fair or poor health (age-adjusted) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

3

Percent of adults reporting smoking >=100 cigarettes and currently smoking; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

4

Percent of adults that report a BMI >=30; National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Diabetes Translation

5

Percent of diabetic Medicare enrollees that receive HbA1c screening; Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care

6

Percent of adults aged 20 and over reporting no leisure-time physical activity; National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Diabetes Translation

7

Percent of the population with adequate access to locations for physical activity; OneSource Global Business Browser, Delorme map data, ESRI, & US census Tigerline Files