Table 1. Association between the gestational trimester of maternal Zika virus infection with microcephaly at birth and the severity of brain Computed Tomography (CT) lesions in children with Congenital Zika Syndrome.
| Variables | Trimester of maternal Zika virus infection | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| 1º n (%) | 2º/3º n (%) | p value | |
| Severity of brain CT lesions (n=80) a | 0.023h | ||
| Mildb | 4 (7.7) | 9 (32.1) | |
| Moderatec | 23 (44.2) | 9 (32.1) | |
| Severed | 25 (48.1) | 10 (35.8) | |
| Microcephaly at birth (n=74) e | 0.013h | ||
| Not present | 12 (24.0) | 14 (58.3) | |
| Mildf | 10 (20.0) | 4 (16.7) | |
| Severeg | 28 (56.0) | 6 (25.0) | |
a,eTwenty-four cases whose mothers were asymptomatic and three mothers who were unable to report the presence of signs and symptoms suggestive of ZIKV infection were excluded; aA child who did not undergo brain CT scan was excluded; bPresence of cerebral calcifications and/ or slight reduction of the cerebral parenchyma with or without ex-vacuum ventriculomegaly; cPresence of malformation of the cortical development and/or the posterior fossa; dSevere reduction of cerebral parenchyma with ex-vacuum or hypertensive ventriculomegaly; eSeven cases were excluded because they did not have their head circumference recorded at birth; fMild microcephaly was defined as a head circumference <2 and ≥3 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for each gestational age and sex; gSevere microcephaly was defined as a head circumference <3 SD below the mean for each gestational age and sex; hFisher’s exact test.