Table 2.
Clinical Symptoms and Outcomes of Nursing Home Residents With COVID-19 Infection
| Total (N = 146) | Prefrail FI∗ < 0.25 (n = 42) | Mild Frailty FI∗ 0.25‒0.34 (n = 45) | Moderate to Severe Frailty FI∗ ≥ 0.35 (n = 52) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms at the Time of Testing | |||||
| Asymptomatic n (%) | 66 (45.5) | 23 (56.1) | 17 (37.8) | 22 (42.3) | .21 |
| Fever n (%) | 31 (21.4) | 2 (4.9) | 13 (28.9) | 14 (26.9) | .01 |
| Cough n (%) | 35 (24.1) | 7 (17.1) | 16 (35.6) | 11 (21.2) | .11 |
| Delirium n (%) | 27 (18.6) | 7 (17.1) | 7 (15.6) | 13 (25.0) | .45 |
| Anorexia n (%) | 26 (17.9) | 7 (17.1) | 6 (13.3) | 12 (23.1) | .45 |
| Vomiting n (%) | 13 (9.0) | 3 (7.3) | 7 (15.6) | 3 (5.8) | .22 |
| Diarrhea n (%) | 9 (6.2) | 3 (7.3) | 3 (6.7) | 3 (5.8) | .96 |
| Symptoms at Any Time | |||||
| Days of fever (mean ± SD) | 1.8 ± 2.0 (max 9) | 1.6 ± 1.7 | 1.9 ± 2.1 | 1.8 ± 2.1 | |
| Delirium n (%) | 83 (57.6) | 18 (43.9) | 28 (62.2) | 34 (66.7) | .07 |
| Anorexia n (%) | 102 (70.8) | 28 (68.3) | 35 (77.8) | 35 (68.6) | .53 |
| Fall n (%) | 22 (15.1) | 9 (21.4) | 7 (15.6) | 5 (9.6) | .28 |
| Required oxygen n (%) | 58 (40.0) | 11 (26.8) | 16 (35.6) | 29 (55.8) | .13 |
| Hospitalization n (%) | 9 (6.5) | 3 (7.9) | 1 (2.3) | 4 (8.0) | .45 |
| Death n (%) | 44 (30.1) | 7 (16.7) | 10 (22.2) | 26 (50.0) | <.001 |
FI, frailty index; SD, standard deviation.
∗
FI missing n = 7.