Table 5.
Outcomes of 186 hospitalized patients with acute respiratory illness and tested for COVID-19.
| COVID-19 Positive (n = 26) | COVID-19 Negative (n = 160) | Difference in proportions (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICU admission | ||||
| ICU stay during hospitalization | 11/26 (42%) | 42/160 (26%) | 16% (4%, 36%) | 0.092 |
| Time to ICU, median days (IQR) | 3.1 (0.4, 4.77) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | 0.027 | |
| ICU days, median days (IQR)* | 8.8 (2.7, 17.8) | 2.9 (1.6, 5.7) | 0.005 | |
| Intensive care unit interventions | ||||
| Endotracheal intubation | 6/11 (55%) | 21/42 (50%) | 5% (−28%, 38%) | 0.788 |
| Paralytics | 2/11 (18%) | 3/42 (7%) | 11% (−0.7%, 15%) | 0.275 |
| Prone positioning | 1/11 (9%) | 0/42 (0%) | 9% (−8%, 26%) | 0.208 |
| Vasopressors | 6/11 (55%) | 21/42 (50%) | 5% (−28%, 38%) | 0.788 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 0/11 (0%) | 0/42 (0%) | — | — |
| Renal replacement therapy | 1/11 (9%) | 5/42 (12%) | −3% (−23%, 17%) | 1.000 |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome✝ | 6/26 (23%) | 7/160 (4%) | 20% (3%, 36%) | <0.001 |
| Acquired cardiomyopathy‡ | 0/26 (0%) | 5/160 (3%) | −3% (−6%, −0%) | 1.000 |
| Troponin tested | 14/26 (54%) | 113/160 (71%) | −17% (−37%, 3%) | 0.088 |
| Any troponin elevation | 5/14 (36%) | 37/113 (33%) | 3% (−24%, 30%) | 0.824 |
| Acute kidney injury§ | 10/26 (39%) | 56/160 (35%) | 4% (−16%, 24%) | 0.732 |
| AKI First day | 7/10 (70%) | 37/56 (66%) | 4% (−27%, 35%) | 0.808 |
| Abnormal coagulation test | ||||
| Elevated INR | 4/19 (21%) | 30/107 (28%) | −7% (−27%, 13%) | 0.779 |
| Elevated aPTT | 5/10 (50%) | 15/63 (24%) | 26% (−7%, 59%) | 0.085 |
| Elevated d-dimer | 4/4 (100%) | 14/16 (88%) | 12% (−4%, 28%) | 1.000 |
| Elevated fibrinogen | 8/9 (89%) | 12/20 (60%) | 29% (−0%, 59%) | 0.201 |
| Final diagnosis | ||||
| Pulmonary - infectious | 26/26 (100%) | 63/160 (39%) | 61% (53%, 69%) | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary - non-infectious | 0/26 (0%) | 27/160 (17%) | ||
| Other infectious | 0/26 (0%) | 24/160 (15%) | ||
| Cardiac | 0/26 (0%) | 19/160 (12%) | ||
| Malignancy | 0/26 (0%) | 6/160 (4%) | ||
| Renal | 0/26 (0%) | 3/160 (2%) | ||
| Other | 0/26 (0%) | 18/160 (11%) | ||
| Discharge disposition | 0.523 | |||
| Died | 1/26 (4%) | 16/160 (10%) | −6% (−15%, 3%) | |
| Home | 13/26 (50%) | 78/160 (49%) | 1% (−20%, 22%) | |
| Home hospice | 0/26 (0%) | 3/160 (2%) | −2% (−4%,0%) | |
| Home with services | 10/26 (39%) | 37/160 (23%) | 16% (−4%, 36%) | |
| Skilled nursing facility | 2/26 (8%) | 25/160 (16%) | 7% (−35%, 18%) | |
| Still admitted | 0/26 (0%) | 1/160 (1%) | −1% (−3%, 0%) | |
| Length of stay, median days (IQR)* | 10.7 (7.9, 22.7) | 4.7 (2.9, 7.0) | <0.001 |
Legend
All outcomes assessed through April 25, 2020.
COVID-19 - Coronavirus Disease 2019; ICU - intensive care unit; INR - international normalised ratio; aPTT - activated partial thromboplastin time,.
⁎
censored at April 25; length of stay for those still admitted, calculated.
✝
ARDS defined using Berlin definition37.
‡
based on treating physician diagnosis.
§
based on KDIGO definition38.