Table 2.

Benefits and limitations of digital healthcare solutions for stakeholders

Stakeholder	Benefits	Limitations
Patients	- Promote patient-centricity - Direct communication with HCPs - Closer involvement in the decision-making process - Impact on treatment-adherence - Information from clinical visits always available - Relevant disease- and treatment-related information always available - Less recourse to generic Web consultation without scientific content	- Difficulty in dealing with technology - Need for specific education and training - Time-consuming - Uncomfortable asking clinicians for permission to record clinical visits - Depersonalization
Physicians	- Improved communication with patients - Shared decision-making by involving patients in the process - Real-world data collection in real time - Optimal management of toxicities in real time • Increased motivation thanks to visible improvements - Effective time-management • Time saving in the analyses of patients’ data • Contact patients only when clinically relevant situations occur - Focused supportive care - Less healthcare resource utilization	- Difficulty in dealing with technology - Need for specific training to ensure engagement - Time dedicated outside of consultation hours - Changes in the organization of HCP teams - Difficulty in changing usual practices of symptom management
Nurses	- Effective time-management • Time saving in the analyses of patients’ data • Contact patients only when clinically relevant situations occur - Increased quality of services with less healthcare resource utilization - Improved patient-nurse communication	- Difficulty in dealing with technology - Need for specific training to ensure engagement - Time dedicated to educating and inform patients and caregivers - Additional time allocated outside patients’ visits
Caregivers	- Reduced burden and anxiety - Increased satisfaction	- Difficulty in dealing with technology - Need for specific education and training
Healthcare system	- Impact of preventive care in healthcare costs. Cost-effectiveness benefits • Reduction in ER visits, wait time in ER, transportation costs • Reduction in unplanned visits and hospitalizations • Impact on the working time of physicians, nurses, ER personnel • Reduction in medication cost • Prevention and treatment of AEs more consistent with guidelines	- Need for development of processes and regulations for homologation of digital solutions by regulatory agencies - Formation and training of dedicated teams for evaluation - Delays in cost-effectiveness analyses for the implementation of reimbursement policies, resulting in impeded access to patients
Pharmaceutical industry	- Real-world data and increased knowledge of the toxicity profile of drugs - Development of plans for improved management of AEs - Expedited approval of drugs when filing in combination with digital solutions	- Additional studies with the drug + digital solution combination needs to be performed, to generate clinical evidence of efficacy and safety to support filing: increased time and cost

AE adverse event, ER emergency room, HCP healthcare professional