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. 2020 Apr 13;57(10):3772–3781. doi: 10.1007/s13197-020-04409-2

Table 2.

Amino acid composition (% of sample) of skin, HCl treated skin sample (PS), control gelatin and gelatin extracted using bromelain and zingibain enzymes from the bovine skin

Amino acids Skin PS Control Levels of enzyme bromelain Levels of enzyme zingibain
0 5 10 15 20 25 0 5 10 15 20 25
Hydroxyproline (Hyp) 15.26 15.13 14.14 15.03 14.93 14.82 14.31 13.60 14.49 14.65 14.36 14.84 14.69 14.00 15.42
Aspartic acid (Asp) 4.91 4.77 4.06 3.45 3.61 3.49 3.50 3.37 3.54 3.58 3.92 4.08 3.82 4.00 3.57
Serine (Ser) 3.35 3.11 2.82 3.02 3.14 3.10 2.96 2.82 3.03 3.08 3.00 3.19 3.23 3.08 3.27
Glutamic acid (Glu) 8.74 8.52 7.81 7.00 7.29 7.01 6.96 6.69 7.01 7.11 7.86 8.00 7.64 7.75 7.11
Glycine (Gly) 23.18 21.88 19.87 21.75 21.41 21.63 20.87 19.78 20.84 20.73 21.74 21.38 21.65 20.27 21.65
Histidine (His) 0.98 0.89 0.82 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.83 0.78 0.85 0.89 0.98 1.01 0.99 0.96 0.94
Arginine (Arg) 7.75 7.43 6.87 7.26 7.35 7.21 7.08 6.64 7.13 7.01 7.09 7.13 7.36 6.90 7.29
Threonine (Thr) 2.41 2.35 1.63 1.72 1.73 1.72 1.69 1.62 1.74 1.75 1.69 1.73 1.76 1.71 1.78
Alanine (Ala) 7.20 7.03 6.50 7.00 7.03 6.89 6.79 6.56 6.79 6.71 7.40 7.35 7.27 6.70 6.68
Proline (Pro) 11.30 11.01 10.29 10.75 10.70 10.55 10.21 9.85 10.40 10.09 10.32 10.08 10.58 9.82 10.08
Tyrosine (Tyr) 0.99 0.99 0.62 0.65 0.67 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.78 0.78 0.75 0.79 0.77 0.73 0.80
Valine (Val) 2.65 2.59 2.11 2.12 2.12 2.09 2.06 2.00 2.14 2.11 2.18 2.21 2.21 2.17 2.13
Lysine (Lys) 3.47 3.40 3.13 2.85 2.93 2.85 2.90 2.74 2.91 2.97 3.17 3.22 3.06 3.16 2.84
Isoleucine (Ile) 1.73 1.69 1.30 1.38 1.38 1.38 1.36 1.32 1.43 1.41 1.39 1.43 1.42 1.41 1.44
Leucine (Leu) 3.37 3.31 2.66 2.81 2.80 2.74 2.70 2.60 2.78 2.85 2.76 2.82 2.80 2.81 2.89
Phenylalanine (Phe) 2.23 2.16 1.78 1.91 1.91 1.88 1.83 1.77 1.93 1.90 1.88 1.90 1.93 1.85 2.01
Imino acids (Pro + Hyp) 26.56 26.14 24.43 25.78 25.63 25.38 24.52 23.45 24.89 24.74 24.68 24.92 25.27 23.81 25.50

All the data were expressed in the unit of mg/100 mg of gelatin sample. Measurements were performed in triplicate and data correspond to mean values. Standard deviations were in all cases were lower than 2%