Table 32.
Concentrations of chlorinated paraffins in human samples other than human milk and blood. The detection frequency is indicated when provided in the study
| Reference | Country | Number of samples | Sampling year | Analytical method | Concentration (μg/kg fat) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCCPs | MCCPs | LCCPs | |||||
| Schmid and Muller (1985) | Switzerland |
Adipose tissue (n = 1) |
n.r. | GC‐ECNI‐MS |
Total CPs (equivalents to Witaclor‐352): 200 |
||
| Campbell and McConnell (1980) | UK |
Adipose tissue, kidney, liver, brain Adults (n = 20, 21–92 years old) Adolescent (n = 1, 17 years old) Child (n = 1, 5 years old) Infants (n = 2, 20 h, 5 months) |
n.r. | TLC with argentation |
Total CPs (as C10–20, 45–52% chlorination) ‐ reported as mg/kg ww Fat: Adults: < 50–540 (analysed and detected in all samples) Adolescent: < 50 Child: 100 Infants: n.a. Kidney: Adults: ND–400 (analysed in 17 samples and detected in 13 samples) Adolescent: < 50 Child: 60 Infants: 160 (analysed and detected in 1 sample) Liver: Adults: n.d.–1,500 (analysed in all samples, detected in 16 samples) Adolescent: < 50 Child: < 50 Infants: 50 (analysed and detected in all samples) Brain: Adults: < 50–80 (analysed in 19 samples, detected in 9 samples) Adolescent: < 50 Child: n.a. Infants: n.a. Total CPs (as C20–30) ‐ reported as mg/kg ww All samples below the LOD except for the following subjects identified with a number as in the study: Subjects (1), (2) and (3): Fat: 0.1, Kidney: not measured (insufficient tissue available). Subject (3): Liver 0.08 Subject (20): Fat: 3.5, Liver: 0.2 Subject (15): liver: n.d., Other tissues: not measured (insufficient tissue available). Subjects (22), (23) and (24): Brain: not measured (insufficient tissue available) Subject (24): Fat: not measured (insufficient tissue available) |
||
| Wang et al. (2018c) | China |
Placenta (n = 54) |
2016 | GC‐qTOF‐HRMS |
Mean (range) 593 (98.5–3,771) (detected in all samples) |
Mean (range) 316 (80.8–954) (detected in 38 samples) |
‐ |
SCCPs: short‐chain chlorinated paraffins; MCCPs: medium‐chain chlorinated paraffins; LCCPs: long‐chain chlorinated paraffins; n.d.: not detected; n.r.: not reported; TLC: thin‐layer chromatography; GC: gas chromatography; MS: mass spectrometry; HRMS: high‐resolution MS; qTOF: quadrupole time‐of‐flight; bw: body weight.