Fig. 2.

Autodissemination stations (ADS) design. ADS consisted of an infusion reservoir, transfer chamber, and a unidirectional funnel with different formulations and delivery systems. (A) 2014 design using a dual treatment mechanism. A cartridge inserted into the middle of the chamber body contained two formulation plates (top and bottom, 55 × 50 mm) each consisting of an oil and a powder bands. The oil bands were coated with 20% pyriproxyfen formulation a.i. (0.62 g/station) and the powder bands were coated with a powder formulation containing 60% pyriproxyfen a.i. (0.42 g/station). (B) 2015 design using a transfer plate consisting of oil and powder formulation bands on top of the reservoir. (C) 2016 design using a gel formulation containing 19% of pyriproxyfen a.i. coated into a narrow grove (5.6 mm width and 6 mm depth) in the gel ring.mm depth in the gel ring.