Fig. 4.

STAT3 downstream to MYD88 is required for ADV-induced GSCs formation from primary glioma cells. a Primary glioma cells were infected with ADV and transfected with siRNAs to MYD88, and then cultured under the neurosphere condition. The formation of tumorsphere was determined. b-d Primary glioma cells were infected with ADV and transfected with siRNAs to MYD88 (NC, negative control. 1, siRNA-1. 2, siRNA-2). The level of stemness-related transcription factors, STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3 was determined by RT-qPCR b and western blotting c, d, with β-actin as a reference control. e Primary glioma cells were infected with ADV, and cultured under the neurosphere condition in the presence of the STAT3 inhibitor STATTIC (2μM). The formation of tumorsphere was determined. f, g Primary glioma cells were infected with ADV, and cultured in the presence of the STAT3 inhibitor STATTIC. The expression of stemness-related transcription factors including c-MYC, SOX2, NANOG, and OCT4 was determined by western blotting, with β-actin as a reference control. Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n = 6. *, P < 0.05. **, P < 0.01. ***, P < 0.001. n.s, not significant