. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Biomed Eng. 2019 Sep 14;11:9–15. doi: 10.1016/j.cobme.2019.08.009

Table 1.

Diagnostic tests required for HIV care cascade. Molecular Test is a test that detects nucleic acids; RDT = rapid diagnostic test that detects antibodies and/or antigens; ART = antiretroviral therapy; VL = viral load.

Testing Need	Patient Population	Test Biomarker	Test Format
Diagnosis
General Screening	People of unknown status	Antibodies	Lateral Flow Assay
Acute Infection	Exposed infants & High Risk Groups	Viral Marker: RNA, proviral DNA, p24	Molecular Test or Lateral Flow Assay, 4^th Generation RDT
Monitoring
Treatment Monitoring	Patients on ART	Viral RNA	Molecular Test
Drug Resistance	VL>1000cp/ml; Treatment Failure	Viral RNA	Molecular; Sequencing