Table 2.

Proportion of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletion overall, by RDT−/microscopy+/PCR+, RDT+/microscopy+/PCR+ and by geographical location

Gene deletion	Overall proportions and stratified by RDT/microscopy results
	Total (N = 300), Proportion n (%, 95% CI)	RDT-/micro+/PCR+ N = 165 n (%, 95% CI)	RDT+/micro+/PCR+ N = 135 n (%, 95% CI)	Prevalence ratio (RDT-/RDT+) n (95% CI)	p value
Any deletion	29 (9.7, 6.6–13.6)	24 (14.5, 9.5–20.9)	5 (3.7, 1.2–8.4)	3.9 (1.5–10.0)	0.002
pfhrp2−/pfhrp3+	10 (3.3, 1.6–6.0)	9 (5.5, 2.5–10.1)	1 (0.7, 0.0–4.1)	7.4 (1.0–57.4)	0.021
pfhrp2 +/pfhrp3−	9 (3.0, 1.4-5.6)	5 (3.0, 1.0–6.9)	4 (3.0, 0.8–7.4)	1.02 (0.3–3.7)	1.000
pfhrp2−/pfhrp3−	10 (3.3, 1.6–6.0)	10 (6.1, 2.9–10.9)	0 (0.0, 0.0–2.7)	N/A	0.004
pfhrp2 +/pfhrp3+	185 (61.7, 55.9–67.2)	61 (37.0, 29.6–44.8)	124 (91.9, 85.9–95.9)	0.4 (0.3–0.5)	0.001

Deletions by geographical location
Gene deletion	Eastern (N = 170), n (%, 95% CI)	Western (N = 130), n (%, 95% CI)	Prevalence ratio (Eastern/Western) n (95% CI)	p-value
Any deletion	25 (14.7, 9.7–20.0)	4 (3.1, 0.8–7.7)	4.8 (1.7–13.4)	0.001
pfhrp2−/pfhrp3+	8 (4.7, 2.1–9.1)	2 (1.5, 0.2–5.4)	3.1 (0.7–14.2)	0.125
pfhrp2+/pfhrp3−	8 (4.7, 2.1–9.1)	1 (0.8, 0.0–4.2)	6.1 (0.8–48.3)	0.050
pfhrp2−/pfhrp3−	9 (5.3, 2.4–9.8)	1 (0.8, 0.0–4.2)	6.9 (0.9–53.6)	0.032
pfhrp2+/pfhrp3+	102 (60.0, 52.2–67.4)	83 (63.8, 55.0–72.1)	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	0.502

Parasite isolates were categorized as those in which the pfhrp2 gene was deleted but pfhrp3 gene present (pfhrp2−/pfhrp3+), the pfhrp3 gene deleted but pfhrp2 gene present (pfhrp2+/pfhrp3−), those in which both genes were deleted (pfhrp2−/pfhrp3−) and those where both pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes were present (pfhrp2+/pfhrp3+). Any deletion means total (overall) number of samples where deletion of any type was detected (summation of pfhrp2−/pfhrp3+, pfhrp2+/pfhrp3− and pfhrp2−/pfhrp3−)