Table 2.
Endogenous hormone determinants of mammographic density area at baseline and area change over time in all 1040 women, not currently using MHT
| Determinants | Women, no. | Mammographic dense area | Mammographic dense area change | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Associations in baseline dense area, cm2, β estimates (95% CI)* | P value† | Associations in relative dense area change, cm2/year, β estimates (95% CI)** | P value†† | ||
| Progestogens | |||||
| Pregnenolone | 714 | 0.48 (− 0.97 to 1.93) | 0.514 | 0.07 (− 0.16 to 0.31) | 0.544 |
| Progesterone | 898 | 1.29 (0.57 to 2.01) | < 0.001 | − 0.01 (− 0.13 to 0.11) | 0.818 |
| 17OH-progesterone | 903 | 1.09 (0.12 to 2.07) | 0.028 | 0.07 (− 0.09 to 0.23) | 0.368 |
| Androgens | |||||
| DHEA | 764 | − 0 .83 (− 2.15 to 0.50) | 0.221 | 0.15 (− 0.07 to 0.37) | 0.173 |
| DHEAS | 967 | − 0.55 (− 2.38 to 1.29) | 0.558 | − 0.11 (− 0.41 to 0.18) | 0.455 |
| Androstenedione | 813 | − 0.11 (− 1.49 to 1.28) | 0.878 | 0.34 (0.10 to 0.57) | 0.005 |
| Testosterone | 825 | 0.11 (− 1.33 to 1.60) | 0.877 | 0.35 (0.11 to 0.59) | 0.004 |
| Free testosterone | 820 | − 0.88 (− 2.14 to 0.38) | 0.172 | 0.31 (0.10 to 0.51) | 0.004 |
| Androsterone | 708 | − 0.12 (− 1.31 to 1.07) | 0.849 | 0.09 (− 0.11 to 0.29) | 0.396 |
| Etiocholanolone | 651 | − 1.15 (− 2.60 to 0.29) | 0.118 | 0.02 (− 0.22 to 0.27) | 0.853 |
| Oestrogens | |||||
| Oestrone | 446 | 0.82 (− 0.35 to 1.98) | 0.169 | 0.07 (− 0.14 to 0.28) | 0.535 |
| Oestrone sulphate | 931 | 1.42 (0.10 to 2.73) | 0.034 | − 0.07 (− 0.28 to 0.15) | 0.535 |
| Corticoids | |||||
| Corticosterone | 909 | 0.05 (− 1.30 to 1.40) | 0.944 | − 0.09 (− 0.31 to 0.13) | 0.425 |
| Aldosterone | 562 | 0.08 (− 1.85 to 2.01) | 0.933 | 0.21 (− 0.10 to 0.53) | 0.175 |
| 11-Deoxycortisol | 860 | − 1.33 (− 2.55 to − 0.11) | 0.033 | 0.10 (− 0.10 to 0.30) | 0.343 |
| Cortisol | 908 | − 0.47 (− 3.20 to 2.27) | 0.738 | 0.04 (− 0.41 to 0.48) | 0.873 |
| Cortisone | 903 | − 1.73 (− 3.84 to 0.39) | 0.110 | 0.25 (− 0.09 to 0.60) | 0.154 |
| Peptide hormones | |||||
| Prolactin | 1028 | 2.11 (0.01 to 4.22) | 0.049 | 0.15 (− 0.20 to 0.50) | 0.401 |
| SHBG | 1028 | 4.18 (1.91 to 6.45) | < 0.001 | − 0.10 (− 0.47 to 0.27) | 0.599 |
BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEAS dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, MET metabolic equivalent of task, MHT menopausal hormone therapy, SHBG sex hormone-binding globulin
*Adjusted model: age and BMI at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
†P value is for baseline dense area (cm2) at blood collection as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)
**Adjusted model: age, BMI, physical activity (MET-h/d) at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
††P value is for the dense area change (cm2/year) as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)