Table 3.
Endogenous hormone determinants of mammographic density area at baseline and area change over time in premenopausal women (n = 335), not currently using MHT
| Determinants | Women, no. | Mammographic dense area | Mammographic dense area change | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Associations in baseline dense area, cm2, β estimates (95% CI)* | P value† | Associations in relative dense area change, cm2/year, β estimates (95% CI)** | P value†† | ||
| Progestogens | |||||
| Pregnenolone | 230 | − 0.16 (− 3.29 to 2.97) | 0.919 | 0.06 (− 0.51 to 0.63) | 0.846 |
| Progesterone | 299 | 1.78 (0.58 to 3.00) | 0.004 | − 0.08 (− 0.31 to 0.14) | 0.481 |
| 17OH-progesterone | 299 | 1.75 (− 0.15 to 3.66) | 0.071 | 0.17 (− 0.19 to 0.53) | 0.362 |
| Androgens | |||||
| DHEA | 255 | − 1.33 (− 4.15 to 1.49) | 0.353 | − 0.10 (− 0.61 to 0.41) | 0.689 |
| DHEAS | 306 | − 3.33 (− 7.49 to 0.82) | 0.115 | 0.06 (− 0.70 to 0.82) | 0.872 |
| Androstenedione | 270 | − 0.45 (− 3.28 to 2.39) | 0.758 | 0.41 (− 0.13 to 0.96) | 0.139 |
| Testosterone | 267 | − 0.81 (− 3.87 to 2.24) | 0.602 | 0.53 (− 0.02 to 1.09) | 0.057 |
| Free testosterone | 262 | − 2.13 (− 4.78 to 0.53) | 0.116 | 0.53 (0.05 to 1.01) | 0.030 |
| Androsterone | 237 | − 0.41 (− 2.92 to 2.10) | 0.749 | − 0.17 (− 0.63 to 0.29) | 0.474 |
| Etiocholanolone | 226 | − 0.71 (− 3.59 to 2.19) | 0.632 | − 0.15 (− 0.68 to 0.38) | 0.580 |
| Oestrogens | |||||
| Oestrone | 139 | 0.84 (− 1.79 to 3.47) | 0.527 | 0.16 (− 0.35 to 0.67) | 0.537 |
| Oestrone sulphate | 301 | 1.30 (− 1.22 to 3.83) | 0.311 | − 0.08 (− 0.54 to 0.38) | 0.740 |
| Corticoids | |||||
| Corticosterone | 293 | 0.51 (− 2.14 to 3.15) | 0.706 | − 0.36 (− 0.85 to 0.12) | 0.144 |
| Aldosterone | 175 | 2.05 (− 2.01 to 6.10) | 0.321 | 0.26 (− 0.51 to 1.02) | 0.506 |
| 11-Deoxycortisol | 280 | − 1.17 (− 3.60 to 1.27) | 0.346 | − 0.03 (− 0.48 to 0.42) | 0.903 |
| Cortisol | 292 | − 0.85 (− 6.49 to 4.80) | 0.768 | − 0.04 (− 1.06 to 0.99) | 0.943 |
| Cortisone | 290 | − 3.35 (− 7.85 to 1.15) | 0.144 | 0.08 (− 0.74 to 0.89) | 0.857 |
| Peptide hormones | |||||
| Prolactin | 331 | 2.35 (− 2.02 to 6.71) | 0.291 | 0.66 (− 0.13 to 1.45) | 0.103 |
| SHBG | 326 | 6.58 (2.10 to 11.06) | 0.004 | − 0.39 (− 1.22 to 0.43) | 0.348 |
BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEAS dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, MET metabolic equivalent of task, MHT menopausal hormone therapy, SHBG sex hormone-binding globulin
*Adjusted model: age and BMI at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
†P value is for baseline dense area (cm2) at blood collection as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)
**Adjusted model: age, BMI, physical activity (MET-h/d) at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
††P value is for the dense area change (cm2/year) as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)