Table 4.
Endogenous hormone determinants of mammographic density area at baseline and area change over time in postmenopausal women (n = 705), not currently using MHT
| Determinants | Women, no. | Mammographic dense area | Mammographic dense area change | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Associations in baseline dense area, cm2, β estimates (95% CI)* | P value† | Associations in relative dense area change, cm2/year, β estimates (95% CI)** | P value†† | ||
| Progestogens | |||||
| Pregnenolone | 484 | 0.53 (− 0.99 to 2.05) | 0.493 | 0.07 (− 0.15 to 0.29) | 0.530 |
| Progesterone | 599 | − 0.07 (− 1.01 to 0.87) | 0.888 | 0.06 (− 0.08 to 0.20) | 0.405 |
| 17OH-progesterone | 604 | 0.18 (− 0.91 to 1.27) | 0.745 | 0.03 (− 0.13 to 0.19) | 0.687 |
| Androgens | |||||
| DHEA | 509 | − 0.62 (− 2.00 to 0.77) | 0.381 | 0.35 (0.14 to 0.56) | 0.001 |
| DHEAS | 661 | 0.09 (− 1.79 to 1.98) | 0.922 | − 0.13 (− 0.41 to 0.14) | 0.347 |
| Androstenedione | 543 | − 0.47 (− 1.95 to 1.01) | 0.535 | 0.30 (0.08 to 0.53) | 0.008 |
| Testosterone | 558 | 0.51 (− 1.02 to 2.03) | 0.513 | 0.22 (− 0.02 to 0.45) | 0.069 |
| Free testosterone | 558 | − 0.27 (− 1.60 to 1.05) | 0.686 | 0.17 (− 0.03 to 0.37) | 0.103 |
| Androsterone | 471 | − 0.16 (− 1.40 to 1.08) | 0.801 | 0.27 (0.08 to 0.47) | 0.006 |
| Etiocholanolone | 425 | − 1.30 (− 2.84 to 0.23) | 0.096 | 0.20 (− 0.04 to 0.44) | 0.103 |
| Oestrogens | |||||
| Oestrone | 307 | 0.47 (− 0.74 to 1.68) | 0.444 | 0.07 (− 0.14 to 0.28) | 0.498 |
| Oestrone sulphate | 630 | − 0.07 (− 1.59 to 1.46) | 0.932 | 0.02 (− 020 to 0.24) | 0.866 |
| Corticoids | |||||
| Corticosterone | 616 | − 0.05 (− 1.53 to 1.43) | 0.946 | 0.02 (− 0.20 to 0.24) | 0.876 |
| Aldosterone | 387 | − 0.64 (− 2.70 to 1.42) | 0.542 | 0.22 (− 0.09 to 0.48) | 0.182 |
| 11-Deoxycortisol | 580 | − 1.03 (2.37 to 0.29) | 0.127 | 0.12 (− 0.08 to 0.32) | 0.226 |
| Cortisol | 616 | − 0.60 (− 3.54 to 2.34) | 0.689 | 0.08 (− 0.35 to 0.51) | 0.717 |
| Cortisone | 613 | − 1.15 (3.40 to 1.10) | 0.315 | 0.26 (− 0.07 to 0.60) | 0.119 |
| Peptide hormones | |||||
| Prolactin | 697 | 1.05 (− 1.21 to 3.31) | 0.361 | 0.05 (− 0.29 to 0.39) | 0.777 |
| SHBG | 702 | 2.60 (0.10 to 5.10) | 0.042 | 0.01 (− 0.36 to 0.39) | 0.942 |
BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEAS dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, MET metabolic equivalent of task, MHT menopausal hormone therapy, SHBG sex hormone-binding globulin
*Adjusted model: age and BMI at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
†P value is for baseline dense area (cm2) at blood collection as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)
**Adjusted model: age, BMI, physical activity (MET-h/d) at baseline, time of day of blood draw and plasma sample plate number
††P value is for the dense area change (cm2/year) as a dependent continuous variable by hormones (continuous, natural log-transformed)