Table 5.
Microemulsions applied to the treatment of systemic microbial infections.
| Formulation | Active principle | Composition | Therapeutic target | Route of administration | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITZ ME | Itraconazole | Cremophor EL and Solutol HS15, Benzyl Alcohol and Water | Rhinovirus Infection | Intranasal | Lee et al., 2016 |
| ME- AmB | Amphotericin B | Phosphate buffer pH 7.4, Tween ® 80, Lipoid ® S100Miglyol ® 812 | Leishmania donovani infection | Intravenous | Rochelle do Vale Morais et al., 2018 |
| M AmB | Amphotericin B | Isopropyl myristate (IPM)/Brij® 96 V/lecithin/water | C. albicans | intravenous | Brime et al., 2004 |
| NEG | Saquinavir mesylate | Labrafac PG, Labrasol, Transcutol Hp and water | HIV tipo 1 | Intranasal | Hosny and Hassan, 2014 |
| DHA ME of ABZ-SO and CUR | Albendazole Sulfoxide and Curcumin | 60% tween 80: ethanol, 30% water | Taenia solium infection | Intravenous | Shinde et al., 2015 |
| NanOsorb-ARM | Artemether | Oil phase: Capmul MCM®, Surfactant: Gelucire, 44/14® Labrasol® and and water | Plasmodium berghei | Oral gavage | Joshi et al., 2008 |
| ME | Bacteriophage T4 | Oil phase: Tween 20®, Labrasol®, or Span 20®, Surfactant: HCO-40® (1:1 ratio), Co-surfactant: Transcutol® | Escherichia coli | Transdermal | Rasgoti et al., 2017 |
| Microemulsion | Saquinavir | Oleic acid, Plurol HLB 10, Labrasol HLB 14 and Water | HIV | intraduodenally | Griffin and O’Driscoll, 2006 |
| SMEDDS | β-Artemether | Oil phase: N-LCT, Capryol 90 ,Plurol Oleique CC 497, Surfactante: Cremophor EL and Tween 80, Co-surfactant: Gelucire 44/14 | Plasmodium berghei | oral gavage | Mandawgade et al., 2008 |
ITZ: Microemulsion with Itraconazole; ME-AmB: Microemulsion with Amphotericin B; IPM: isopropyl myristate; M AmB: oil-in-water lecithin-based microemulsion whit AmB; NEG: Nanozized Microemulsion gel; HIV type 1: Human Immunodeficiency virus.; DHA ME of ABZ-SO and CUR: Microemulsion of docosahexaenoic acid containing albendazole sulfuroxide and Curcumin; SDC: sodium deoxycholate.; HBL: hydrophilic–lipophilic balance.; SMEDDS: self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems.; N-LCT: indigenous natural lipophile.; NanOsorb-ARM: Solid microemulsion preconcentrates with Artemether.