Table 3. Binary logistic regression model predicting depressive and anxiety symptoms, based on the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7 scales.
Variables | Depression | Anxiety | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B | P value | OR | 95% CI Lower-Upper | B | P value | OR | 95% CI Lower-Upper | |
Age | ||||||||
17–20 ref | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||
21–24 | 0.057 | 0.082 | 1.059 | 0.632–1.775 | 0.112 | 0.668 | 1.118 | 0.672–1.861 |
> 24 | 1.060 | 0.059 | 2.886 | 0.961–8.669 | 0.486 | 0.290 | 1.626 | 0.661–3.998 |
Providing private tuition | ||||||||
No ref | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||
Yes | 0.181 | 0.046 | 1.199 | 0.736–1.952 | 0.322 | 0.018 | 1.381 | 0.856–2.227 |
Gender | ||||||||
Male ref | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||
Female | 0.032 | 0.902 | 1.033 | 0.616–1.732 | 0.380 | 0.155 | 1.462 | 0.866–2.468 |
Place of residence | ||||||||
Rural ref | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||
Urban | 0.022 | 0.933 | 1.022 | .618–1.690 | 0.168 | 0.512 | 1.183 | 0.716–1.953 |
Lagging academically | ||||||||
No ref | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||
Yes | 0.585 | 0.020 | 1.795 | 1.098–2.935 | 0.577 | 0.019 | 1.780 | 1.099–2.883 |
Exercise | ||||||||
No ref | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||
Yes | -0.128 | 0.601 | 0.880 | 0.544–1.422 | -0.008 | 0.974 | 0.992 | 0.617–1.594 |
Living with family | ||||||||
No ref | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||||
Yes | 0.954 | 0.002 | 2.595 | 1.418–4.751 | 0.609 | 0.042 | 1.838 | 1.021–3.308 |
ref. Reference group;
OR: Odd ratio;
CI: Confidence interval