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| Variable | Initially conservative | Initially operative | p-value or ratio (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 58.3 ± 12.7 | 63.2 ± 11.4 | 0.228 |
| Sex (male : female) | 29 : 18 | 17 : 15 | 0.447 |
| Primary cancer | |||
| Lung | 9 | 2 | 11 (18) |
| Breast | 6 | 3 | 9 (11) |
| Liver | 5 | 3 | 8 (10) |
| Colon | 5 | 4 | 9 (11) |
| Prostate | 4 | 1 | 5 (6) |
| Kidney | 4 | 4 | 8 (10) |
| Multiple myeloma | 3 | 0 | 3 (4) |
| Thyroid | 2 | 6 | 8 (10) |
| Other | 9 | 6 | 15 (19) |
