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. 2020 Aug 26;10:14209. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71081-z

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Study design and lipidomics analysis strategy. (a) Women were recruited into the Michigan Mother-Infant Pairs Study at their first prenatal appointment between 8 and 14 weeks pregnancy (M1). Venous blood samples were collected at this visit, along with weight, height, and demographic information. At delivery, maternal venous blood samples (M3) and cord blood samples via venipuncture from the umbilical cord (CB) were collected, as well as birth weight. (b) Untargeted shotgun lipidomics was conducted on maternal first trimester, delivery, and cord blood plasma. After peak detection and data normalization, 573 lipids of multiple classes were identified. (c) Statistical analysis for this manuscript classified (1) relative differences in the lipidome across pregnancy (paired t-test), (2) differences in the connections of lipid groups between M1, M3, and CB (debiased sparse partial correlations), (3) lipid groups associated to birth weight (linear regression), and (4) M1 and M3 lipids that may modulate CB lipids significantly related to birth weight (Pearson’s correlations).