Table 2.
Characteristics of Studies Examining Awake Prone Positioning in Non-intubated Patients with Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure not due to COVID-19.
| Author | Study Type | N | Inclusion Criteria | Exclusion Criteria | Setting | Oxygen Delivery Mode | Prone Positioning Protocol | Study Outcome | Duration of Follow-up | Duration of Prone Positioning | Supine Oxygenation and Resp Rate (if available) mean (SD), median [IQR] |
Prone Position Oxygenation and Resp Rate (if available) mean (SD), median [IQR] |
Intubation Rate, No. (%) | Adverse Event Reporting |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ding (2020) | PC | 20 | ARDS (Berlin) on NIV with CPAP 5 cm H2O and PaO2:FiO2 < 200 | Requiring intubation | ICU | HFNC or NIV | >30 min, 2 times daily for 3 days | Intubation rate, change in PaO2:FiO2 | Not reported | Mean 2 h | PaO2:FiO2 95 (22) / 102 (15)* | PaO2:FiO2 130 (35) / 113 (25)* | 9/20 (45.0) | 2 non-tolerant 1 death (5%) |
| Perez-Nieto (2020) | RC | 6 | ARDS (Berlin criteria) non-infections ARDS, and PaO2:FiO2 < 100 | – | ICU | HFNC or NIV | 2–3 h, 2 times daily for 2 days | – | Not reported | 2–3 h every 12 h | PaO2:FiO2 80 [67–91] |
PaO2:FiO2 116 [101−131] |
2/6 (33.3) | 1 death (17%) |
| Scaravilli (2015) | RC | 15 | PaO2:FiO2 < 300, and undergone one PP without intubation | – | ICU | NP, HFNC or NIV | Not reported | Change in PaO2:FiO2 | Hospital discharge | Median 3 (IQR 2–4) | PaO2:FiO2 127(49) RR: 26 (10) |
PaO2:FiO2 186 (72) RR: 25 (11) |
2/15 (13.3) | No displaced catheters, pressure sores, neuropathy, vomiting, change in hemodynamics or vasopressors 2 patients non-tolerant, 3 patients died without intubation: 2 patients put on ECMO before intubation, and 1 patient changed goals of care |
| Feltracco (2012) | RC | 3 | Post lung transplant, and hypoxemia | – | ICU | HFPV | Not reported | – | Not reported | 1–3 h 5–6 times per day, 1 h 3–4 times per Day |
– | – | 0/1 (0) | Not reported |
| Feltracco (2009) | RC | 2 | Post lung transplant, and hypoxemia | – | ICU | NIV | Not reported | – | Not reported | 6-8 h per day | FiO2 0.80 | FiO2 0.60 | 0/1 (0) | Not reported |
| Valter (2003) | RC | 4 | Hypoxemia | – | ICU | NIV | Not reported | – | Hospital discharge | 1–5 h | FiO2 0.70 [0.60–0.70] RR: 31 (26–38) |
FiO2 0.40 [0.30–0.50] RR: 20 (18–21) |
0/1 (0) | Not reported |