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. 2020 Aug 12;22(8):e18136. doi: 10.2196/18136

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©Ko Woon Kim, Sung Yun Lee, Jongdoo Choi, Juhee Chin, Byung Hwa Lee, Duk L Na, Jee Hyun Choi. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 12.08.2020.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Spatial arrangement. (A) We defined the bounded area that contains the whole drawing as the whole area (blue box) and a boundary that contains only the area inside the skeleton rectangle as the skeleton area (red box). (B) An example of the ratio of input in perceptual space: input (blue)/total input (blue + red). (C-D) Center of the whole area. (E-F) Center of mass of the whole area. (G-H) Top and bottom edge of the whole area. (I-J) Top and bottom edges of the skeletal area. (K) Closing-in phenomenon. One, two, and three asterisks show significant differences at P<.05, P<.01, and P<.001 levels, respectively. EOAD: early-onset Alzheimer disease; LOAD: late-onset Alzheimer disease; NC: normal control; RCFT: Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test.