Table 2. Study-Level Reoperation Rates Stratified by Studies of Actual vs Projected Changes.

Source	Preguideline			Postguideline			Postguideline vs preguideline
	No.	Reoperation No.	Reoperation % (95% CI)	No.	Reoperation No.	Reoperation% (95% CI)	Difference in % (95% CI)	Odds ratio (95% CI)
Actual change in reoperation
Bhutani et al,15 2018	126	46	36.5 (28.1 to 45.5)	111	10	9.0 (4.4 to 15.9)	−27.5 (−37.5 to −17.5)	0.17 (0.08 to 0.36)
Cate et al,162015	102	11	10.8 (4.8 to 16.8)	103	1	1.0 (0.0 to 5.3)	−9.8 (−16.1 to −3.5)	0.08 (0.01 to 0.64)
Chavez-MacGreggor et al,17 2018	20 159	5100	25.3 (24.7 to 25.9)	13 807	2982	21.6 (20.9 to 22.3)	−3.7 (−4.6 to −2.8)	0.81 (0.77 to 0.86)
Chung et al,18 2015	597	115	19.3 (16.1 to 22.4)	249	32	12.9 (8.7 to 17.0)	−6.4 (−11.6 to −1.2)	0.62 (0.40 to 0.94)
Drohan et al,19 2018	188	26	13.8 (9.2 to 19.6)	411	32	7.8 (5.4 to 10.8)	−6.0 (−11.6 to −0.5)	0.53 (0.30 to 0.91)
Heelan Gladden et al,20 2017	395	42	10.6 (7.8 to 14.1)	286	29	10.1 (6.9 to 14.2)	−0.5 (−5.1 to 4.1)	0.95 (0.58 to 1.56)
Heidrich et al,21 2016	124	40	32.3 (24.1 to 41.2)	42	1	2.4 (0.1 to 12.6)	−29.9 (−39.3 to −20.5)	0.05 (0.01 to 0.39)
Israel et al,23 2018	110	22	20.0 (13.0 to 28.7)	150	20	13.3 (8.3 to 19.8)	−6.7 (−15.9 to 2.6)	0.62 (0.32 to 1.19)
Jiwa et al,24 2015	225	48	21.3 (16.2 to 27.3)	238	32	13.4 (9.4 to 18.5)	−7.9 (−14.8 to −1.0)	0.57 (0.35 to 0.94)
Kantor et al,37 2019a	402 678	NR	NR	118 900	NR	NR	−3.6 (NR)	0.76 (0.75 to 0.78)
Mamtani et al,40 2019	312	98	31.4 (26.3 to 36.9)	433	100	23.1 (19.2 to 27.4)	−8.3 (−14.8 to −1.8)	0.66 (0.47 to 0.91)
Monaghan et al,39 2019	523	118	22.6 (19.1 to 26.4)	589	110	18.7 (15.6 to 22.1)	−3.9 (−8.7 to 0.9)	0.79 (0.59 to 1.05)
Morrow et al,26 2017b	851	232	27.3 (24.3 to 30.4)	1125	205	18.2 (16.0 to 20.6)	−9.0 (−12.8 to −5.3)	0.59 (0.48 to 0.74)
Parma et al,28 2018	15	3	20.0 (4.3 to 48.1)	85	11	12.9 (6.6 to 22.0)	−7.1 (−28.5 to 14.4)	0.59 (0.14 to 2.45)
Patten et al,29 2017	402	82	20.4 (16.6 to 24.7)	552	90	16.3 (13.3 to 19.7)	−4.1 (−9.1 to 0.1)	0.76 (0.55 to 1.06)
Pawloski et al,30 2016	123	42	34.1 (25.8 to 43.2)	148	34	23.0 (16.5 to 30.6)	−11.2 (−21.9 to −0.4)	0.58 (0.34 to 0.98)
Philpott et al,41 2018	204	51	25.0 (19.2 to 31.5)	358	59	16.5 (12.8 to 20.7)	−8.5 (−15.6 to −1.4)	0.59 (0.39 to 0.90)
Rosenberger et al,32 2016	504	108	21.4 (17.9 to 25.3)	701	106	15.1 (12.5 to 18.0)	−6.3 (−10.8 to −1.9)	0.65 (0.49 to 0.88)
Schulman et al,33 2017c	13 297	2482	18.7 (18.0 to 19.3)	12 805	1851	14.5 (13.9 to 15.1)	−4.2 (−5.1 to −3.3)	0.74 (0.69 to 0.79)
Van Den Bruele et al,38 2018	116	23	19.8 (13.0 to 28.3)	85	13	15.3 (8.4 to 24.7)	−4.5 (−15.1 to 6.0)	0.73 (0.35 to 1.54)
Wall et al,36 2015	53	7	13.2 (5.5 to 25.3)	66	12	18.2 (9.8 to 29.6)	5.0 (−8.1 to 18.0)	1.46 (0.53 to 0.74)
Projected change in reoperation
Baliski and Pataky,14 2017	512	126	24.6 (20.9 to 28.6)	512	82	16.0 (12.9 to 19.5)	−8.6 (−11.1 to −0.1)	0.58 (0.50 to 0.68)
Bell,43 2018	417	78	18.7 (15.1 to 22.8)	417	62	14.8 (11.6 to 18.7)	−3.8 (−5.7 to −2.0)	0.76 (0.66 to 0.87)
Hogan et al,22 2014	450	111	24.7 (20.7 to 28.9)	450	70	15.6 (12.2 to 18.9)	−9.1 (−11.8 to −6.5)	0.56 (0.47 to 0.67)
Merrill et al,25 2016	437	139	31.8 (27.5 to 36.4)	437	77	17.6 (14.2 to 21.5)	−14.2 (−17.5 to −10.9)	0.46 (0.38 to 0.55)
Nayyar et al,27 2018	436	143	32.8 (28.4 to 37.4)	436	56	12.8 (9.9 to 16.3)	−19.9 (−23.7 to −16.2)	0.30 (0.24 to 0.38)
Pickard et al,31 2015	317	62	19.6 (15.3 to 24.4)	317	55	17.4 (13.3 to 22.0)	−2.2 (−3.8 to −0.1)	0.86 (0.78 to 0.96)
Singer et al,34 2016	462	149	32.3 (28.0 to 36.7)	462	88	19.0 (15.6 to 22.9)	−13.2 (−16.3 to −10.1)	0.49 (0.42 to 0.58)
Tang et al,35 2017	2858	493	17.2 (15.9 to 18.7)	2858	441	15.4 (14.1 to 16.8)	−1.8 (−2.3 to −1.3)	0.88 (0.84 to 0.91)
Truda,42 2019	779	102	13.1 (10.8 to 15.7)	779	50	6.4 (4.8 to 8.4)	−6.7 (−8.4 to −4.9)	0.46 (0.37 to 0.56)

^aPreguideline and postguideline numerators and percentages were not reported (NR) in the publication.

^bData provided by study authors.

^cPreguideline and postguideline percentages were derived from numerators and denominators reported in the publication (these differ from the reported percentages).