Table 1.

List of Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) and Suggested Number of Observations for Each and Stage Length

EPA Code	EPA Text	Suggested No. of Observations
Transition to Discipline (TD): ∼3 months
TD1	Recognizing the unstable/critically ill patient, mobilizing the health care team and supervisor, and initiating basic life support	10
TD2	Performing and documenting focused histories and physical examinations, and providing preliminary management of cardinal emergency department presentations	20
TD3	Facilitating communication of information between a patient in the emergency department, caregivers, and members of the health care team to organize care and disposition of the patient	10
Foundations of Discipline (F): ∼9 months
F1	Initiating and assisting in resuscitation of critically ill patients	15
F2	Assessing and managing patients with uncomplicated urgent and non-urgent emergency department presentations	30
F3	Contributing to the shared work of the emergency department health care team to achieve high-quality, efficient, and safe patient care	10
F4	Performing basic procedures	25
Core of Discipline (C): < 3 years
C1	Resuscitating and coordinating care for critically ill patients	40
C2	Resuscitating and coordinating care for critically injured trauma patients	25
C3	Providing airway management and ventilation	20
C4	Providing emergency sedation and systemic analgesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures	20
C5	Identifying and managing patients with emergent medical or surgical conditions	40
C6	Diagnosing and managing patients with complicated urgent and non-urgent patient presentations	40
C7	Managing urgent and emergent presentations for pregnant and postpartum patients	15
C8	Managing patients with acute toxic ingestion or exposure	15
C9	Managing patients with emergency mental health conditions or behavioral emergencies	15
C10	Managing and supporting patients in situational crisis to access health care and community resources	5
C11	Recognizing and managing patients who are at risk of exposure to, or who have experienced violence and/or neglect	5
C12	Liaising with prehospital emergency medical services	5
C13	Performing advanced procedures	25
C14	Performing and interpreting point-of-care ultrasound to guide patient management	50
C15	Providing end-of-life care for a patient	5
Transition to Practice (TP): ∼1+ year(s)
TP1	Managing the emergency department to optimize patient care and department flow	25
TP2	Teaching and supervising the learning of trainees and other health care professionals	15
TP3	Managing complex interpersonal interactions that arise during the course of patient care	5
TP4	Providing expert emergency medicine consultation to physicians or other health care providers	5
TP5	Coordinating and collaborating with health care professional colleagues to safely transition the care of patients, including handover and facilitating inter-institution transport	10
TP6	Dealing with uncertainty when managing patients with ambiguous presentations	5