Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the study participants (N: 79)
| Mean (range) | |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.7 (34–89) |
| N (%) | |
| Histology | |
| Benign | 1 (1.3) |
| Malignant | 78 (98.7) |
| Invasive lobular carcinoma | 15 (19.2) |
| Invasive ductal carcinoma | 55 (70.5) |
| Miscellaneusa | 4 (5.1) |
| Unknownb | 4 (5.1) |
| Grading (G)* | |
| G 1–2 | 32 (41.0) |
| G3 | 40 (51.3) |
| Unknownc | 6 (7.7) |
| Hormon receptor status* | |
| dER+/ePgR+ | 57 (73.1) |
| ER+/PgR- | 12 (15.4) |
| ER−/PgR- | 6 (7.7) |
| Unknown f | 3 (3.8) |
| Her2 Status* | |
| Positive | 12 (15.2) |
| Surgical procedures | |
| Surgical procedures with curative intent | 79 (100) |
| Simple excision/lumpectomy | 2 (2.5) |
| Breast conserving surgery | 29 (36.7) |
| gMastectomy | 23 (29.1) |
| hNipple sparing mastectomy | 19 (24.0) |
| iSkin reducing mastectomy | 6 (7.6) |
| Surgical procedures with recostructive intent | 48 (60.7) |
| Pre-pectoral DTIj | 16 (33.3) |
| Sub-pectoral DTI | 4 (8.3) |
| Pre-pectoral TEk | 1 (2.1) |
| Sub-pectoral TE | 13 (27.1) |
| Contralateral symmetrization | 4 (8.3) |
| Surgical procedures with prophilactic intent** | |
| Concomitant bilateral oophorectomy | 2 (2.5) |
| Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy | |
| Yes | 13 (16.7) |
| Pathologic complete response | |
| Yes | 5 (38.5) |
| lASA risk score | |
| 1–2 | 60 (76.0) |
| 3–4 | 19 (24.0) |
Legend: aMiscellaneous: Special hystologic types, e.g., cribiform carcinoma, mucous carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, squamous carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, apocrine carcinoma; b Cases with unknown histology include: a. one patients with pCR following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy; b. one patient with inflammatory mastitis; c. one patient who underwent breast biopsy with no residual breast cancer at the histological assessment of residual breast; d. one patient who underwent lumpectomy with no residual breast cancer at the histological assessment of residual breast; cCases with unknown grading include: a. 3 cases with diagnostic workup and surgical cancer excision out of the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; b. one patients with pCR following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy; c. one case of carcinomatous mastitis; d. one case who underwent lumpectomy with no residual breast cancer at the histological assessment of residual breast; d ER: Estrogen Receptors; e PgR: Progesterone Receptors; f Hormonal Receptor Status was unknown in the following: a. one case with diagnostic workup and surgical cancer excision out of the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; b.. one patients who achieved pCR following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy; c. one case of carcinomatous mastitis; * For these variables, percentages were computed over a total number of 78 patients, i.e., the overall number of patients with histologically-confirmed breast malignancy, with the only case of histologically-proven benign tumor being excluded; ** For this variable, percentage was computed over a total number of 79, i.e., the overall number of surgical procedures performed; g Of the 23 mastectomies, 4 were bilateral mastectomies; h Of the 19 nipple sparing mastectomies, 5 were bilateral; i Of the 6 skin reducing mastectomies, 3 were bilateral; jDTI: Direct-to-Implant; k TE: Tissue Expander; lASA: Amercan Society of Anesthesiologists