Table 1:

Characteristics of a cohort of incident buprenorphine misusers stratified by baseline opioid use (N = 6,756).

	Entire Cohort		No Prescription Opioid Use		Acute Prescription Opioid use		Persistent Prescription Opioid use		Sig.1
	N=6,756		N=3,778		N=1,853		N=1,125
	Freq	%	Freq	%	Freq	%	Freq	%
Benzodiazepine Use at Baseline									***
No	5,692	84.3%	3,369	89.2%	1,524	82.3%	799	71.0%
Yes	1,064	15.8%	409	10.8%	329	17.8%	326	29.0%
Amphetamine Use at Baseline									***
No	6,274	92.9%	3,598	95.2%	1,683	90.8%	993	88.3%
Yes	482	7.1%	180	4.8%	170	9.2%	132	11.7%
Patient Age									***
15–34	2,615	38.7%	1,830	48.4%	693	37.4%	92	8.2%
35–44	1,928	28.5%	1,129	29.9%	544	29.4%	255	22.7%
45–54	968	14.3%	416	11.0%	276	14.9%	276	24.5%
55–64	830	12.3%	290	7.7%	234	12.6%	306	27.2%
65 and older	415	6.1%	113	3.0%	106	5.7%	196	17.4%
Payment Type									***
Cash	1,812	26.8%	1,260	33.4%	402	21.7%	150	13.3%
Insured	4,944	73.2%	2,518	66.7%	1,451	78.3%	975	86.7%
Initial Buprenorphine Dose									***
< 12 mg/day	3,713	55.0%	2,140	56.6%	923	49.8%	650	57.8%
≥12 mg/day	3,043	45.0%	1,638	43.4%	930	50.2%	475	42.2%
Rurality									**
Rural	725	10.7%	452	12.0%	168	9.1%	105	9.3%
Urban	6,031	89.3%	3,326	88.0%	1,685	90.9%	1,020	90.7%

¹Results of chi square tests for covariate balance between treatment groups at baseline.

^***P<0.001,

^**P<0.01