Table 3.

Effects of fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors on drug-taking and drug-seeking behavior in experimental animals

Drug and dosage	Species	Results	References
URB597
IP 0.01–0.3 mg/kg	Rat	No effect on PR responding for heroin	[177]
IP 0.3–3 mg/kg	Rat	↓ Brain-stimulation reward	[230]
IP 0.5 mg/kg	Mouse	↓ Preference for alcohol	[189]
IV 0.1 mg/kg	Rat	↓ VTA DA neuron response to nicotine	[187]
IP 0.1, 0.3 mg/kg	Rat	↓ Acquisition of nicotine self-administration	[182]
		↓ Acquisition of nicotine CPP
		↓ Drug-primed reinstatement of nicotine seeking
IP 0.1–1 mg/kg	Rat	No effect on voluntary alcohol drinking	[191]
		No effect on PR responding for alcohol
		No effect on drug-, cue-, or stress-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking
		↓ Anxiety during alcohol withdrawal
IV 0.3 mg/kg	Monkey	No effect on reinstatement of alcohol seeking	[174]
		↓ Sensitivity to alcohol sedation
		↑ Recovery from alcohol-induced motor incoordination
IP 1–3 mg/kg	Rat	No effect on cocaine self-administration	[175]
		↓ Drug-primed reinstatement of cocaine seeking
		↓ Cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking
IP 0.3, 1 mg/kg	Rat	↓ Cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking	[183]
		↓ Drug-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking
		↓ Drug-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking
IP 0.03–0.3 mg/kg	Rat	↑ Extinction of CPA in morphine-treated rats	[179]
IV 0.1 mg/kg	Rat	↓ NAc GABA neuron response to nicotine or cocaine	[188]
		No effect on VTA DA neuron response to cocaine or morphine
IP 0.3 mg/kg	Rat	No effect on morphine CPP	[178]
		No effect on CPA induced by the morphine withdrawal
IP 0.1–1 mg/kg	Rat	↓ Naloxone-induced opioid withdrawal symptoms	[181]
IP 0.1, 0.3 mg/kg	Rat	↓ Anxiety during nicotine withdrawal	[186]
		No effect on somatic symptoms of nicotine withdrawal
IP 0.3, 1, 3 mg/kg	Rat	↓ Cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking	[176]
		↓ Stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking
IV 0.1–1 mg/kg	Monkey	No effect on cocaine self-administration	[185]
		↓ Nicotine self-administration
		↓ Cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking
IP 0.3 mg/kg	Rat	↓ Drug-primed reinstatement of nicotine seeking	[183]
IP 0.5 mg/kg	Mouse	↓ Alcohol consumption	[192]
		↓ Alcohol tolerance
IP 10 mg/kg	Mouse	↓ Withdrawal symptoms from Δ9-THC	[218]
PF-3845
IP 10 mg/kg	Mouse	↓ Naloxone-precipitated withdrawal from morphine	[180]
IP 1–10 mg/kg	Mouse	No effect on morphine withdrawal symptoms	[218]
		No effect on morphine withdrawal-induced CPA

CPA conditioned place aversion, CPP conditioned place preference, DA dopamine, GABA γ-aminobutyric acid, IP intraperitoneally, IV intravenously, NAc nucleus accumbens, PR progressive-ratio, VTA ventral tegmental area, Δ⁹-THC Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol, ↓ and ↑ represent decrease and increase, respectively