Table 1.
Summary of outcome parameters used in studies assessing therapeutic approaches in MS animal models. Not all studies reported the sex of the used animals. Abbreviations: Cup, cuprizone; EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; SMD, standardized mean difference.).
| Outcome | Therapeutic approaches tested | Model |
Sex |
Species |
Overall SMD [95% CI] and p value | I2 (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EAE | Cup | Other | F | M | Mice | Rats | Other | ||||
| MRI | 47 (95 experiments) | 66 | 17 | 12 | 63 | 21 | 42 | 28 | 25 | 1.24 [1.06, 1.34] p = 0.021 |
37 |
| (Re-) myelination | 25 (27 experiments) | 14 | 8 | 5 | 17 | 7 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 1.72 [1.09, 2.30] p = 0.014 |
80 |
| Neuroinflammation | 18 (20 experiments) | 13 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 1.20 [0.93, 1.55] p = 0.019 |
61 |
| Neurodegeneration | 5 (5 experiments) | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0.81 [0.10, 1.51] p = 0.044 |
61 |