Table 3. Multivariable analysis for risk factors (Hazard Ratios & 95% Confidence Intervals) for death among patients enrolled at Newlands Clinic, 2004–2017.
| Variable | 4868 individuals included | All-causes (506 deaths) | Malignancies (55 deaths) | Tuberculosis (71 deaths) | Communicable AIDS related illness (except TB) (140 deaths) | Chronic non-communicable diseases (93 deaths) | Other (73 deaths) | Unknown (74 deaths) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (0 missing) |
Female Male |
P = 1(ref) 1.04 (0.87–1.25) | P = 1(ref) 1.28 (0.74–2.19) | P = 1(ref) 1.33 (0.83–2.14) | P = 1(ref) 1.08 (0.77–1.52) | P = 1 1.9 (ref) 0.91(0.59–1.39) |
P = 1(ref) 0.81 (0.5–1.33) | P = 1(ref) 1.02 (0.64–1.62) |
| Age (years) (0 missing) |
>19 10–19 <10 |
P = 0.0061(ref) 1.53 (1.2–1.98)0.89 (0.7–1.2) | P = 0.27(ref) 1.5 (0.7–3.3)0.6 (0.2–1.5) | P = 0.6(ref) 0.9 (0.4–2.1)0.6 (0.3–1.3) | P = 0.15(ref) 1.5 (0.9–2.5)1.1 (0.7–1.8) | P = 0.055(ref) 0.99 (0.5–1.9)0.38 (0.2–0.8) | P = 0.39(ref) 1.3 (0.6–2.7)1.2 (0.6–2.3) | P = 0.0093(ref) 2.7 (1.5–4.9)1.4 (0.8–2.7) |
| Baseline CD4 (Cells/mm3) (43 missing) |
>500 350–500 100–349 <100 |
P<0.001(ref) 1.5 (0.9–2.7)1.3 (0.8–2.1)2.7 (1.7–4.4) | P = 0.018(ref) 1.3 (0.2–8)1.3 (0.3–6)2.2 (0.4–10.5) | P<0.001(ref) 0.9 (0.1–6.5)1.3 (0.3–5.8)3.1 (0.7–14) | P<0.001(ref) 0.5 (0.2–1.5)0.7 (0.3–1.4)1.7 (0.8–3.6) | P<0.001(ref) 2.3 (0.6–8.3)1.2 (0.4–4.2)2.1 (0.6–7.2) | P<0.001(ref) 5.7 (0.7–49)4.2 (0.6–32)9.2 (1.2–17) | P = 0.015(ref) 3.5 (0.7–17)2.7 (0.6–12)3.6 (0.8–16) |
| Baseline WHO stage (1687 missing) |
1 2 3 4 |
P<0.001(ref) 1.2 (0.8–1.8)2.4 (1.7–3.5)3.9 (2.7–5.7) | P = 0.018(ref) 0.7 (0.3–1.9)0.8 (0.3–1.9)2.3 (0.9–5.4) | P<0.001(ref) 1.4 (0.4–5.3)4.2 (1.4–12.4)7.1 (2.3–22) | P<0.001(ref) 1.6 (0.6–4.4)3.4 (1.4–8.3)5.6 (2.3–14) | P<0.001(ref) 1 (0.4–2.5)3.2 (1.5–6.8)3.4 (1.5–7.8) | P = 0.024(ref) 0.8 (0.3–1.9)1.1 (0.5–2.5)2.2 (1.0–5.2) | P = 0.0057(ref) 1.9 (0.6–5.6)3.4 (1.2–9.1)4 (1.4–11.9) |
| Year of ART Initiation (0 missing) |
2004–2007 2008–2011 2012–2017 |
P<0.001(ref) 0.8 (0.7–1)0.7 (0.6–1) | P = 0.007(ref) 0.7 (0.4–1.2)0.7 (0.3–1.4) | P = 0.02(ref) 0.8 (0.5–1.3)0.7 (0.4–1.4) | P = 0.0013(ref) 0.9 (0.6–1.2)0.7 (0.4–1.1) | P<0.001(ref) 1.3 (0.8–2.1)1.1 (0.6–2.1) | P = 0.001(ref) 0.7(0.4–1.2)0.2 (0.1–0.5) | P<0.001(ref) 0.5 (0.3–0.9)1.2 (0.6–2.2) |
| Pre-existing malignancy (0 missing) |
No Yes |
P<0.001(ref) 2.4 (1.4–4.1) | X X x |
X X x |
X X x |
X X x |
X X x |
X X X |