Fig. 7.

Immunofluorescence staining (a) and SEM imaging (b) of ECs and SMCs after 1 day culture on the gradients, including F-actin (green), Vinculin (red), and DAPI (blue) staining (scale bar of fluorescence images represented 50 μm, and scale bar of SEM images represented 20 μm). The gene expressions of vinculin (VCL), eNOs and PCNA in ECs (c) and SMCs (d) measured with RT-qPCR (* indicates P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)