Fig. 4.

In vitro characterization of the 3D-bioprinted IVD scaffold. a) Cell viability assay of the 3D-bioprinted scaffold after culturing. b) Low-magnification fluorescent image obtained from Live/Dead staining of the 3D-bioprinted scaffold after seven days in culture. c) High-magnification fluorescent image. d) Expression of the Col I gene after induced differentiation in different groups. e) Expression of the Col II gene. f) Expression of the aggrecan gene. Scale bars: (b) = 3 mm, (c) = 100 μm.