Table 1.
Systematic review data.
| Author and year | Sex | Age (Year) | Risk Factors | Symptoms | Level involved | Pathogen | Complication | Antibiotic treatment | Culture | Surgery | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heath CH et al., 1998 | M | 45 | not reported | Back pain, fever, mitral regurgitation, TEE: mitral vegetation | L2-L3,-L4 | Abiotrophia adiacens | not reported | IV PCN + GENT 4 w, IV PCN 2 w, PO CLIN 2 w | Blood | None | Cured |
| M | 50 | not reported | Back pain, aortic regurgitation, TEE: aortic vegetation | L3-L4,-L5 | Abiotrophia adiacens | not reported | PO CPF and FA 12 w (empiric), IV PCN + GENT 2w, IV CTX 2w | Blood | None | Cured | |
| Rosenthal O et al., 2002 | M | 68 | DM, IHD, coronary stenosis, PM | Back pain, fever, TEE: vegetation adjacent to the PM lead | T10-T11 | Granulicatella Adiacens | not reported | PCN + GENT + RIF (no duration or type of administration) | Blood | None | Cured |
| Fukuda R et al., 2010 | M | 73 | HT,HL | Back pain, fever TEE: no vegetation, mixoid degeneration | L3-L4 | Granulicatella Adiacens | Mitral valvoplasty in 107 days | IV PCN + GENTf4 w, PO AMOX (no duration reported) | Blood | None | Cured |
| Uehara K et al., 2013 | F | 48 | PD | Back pain, fever, weakness in the right toe | L3-L4-L5 | Abiotrophia adiacens | not reported | IV AMP 6 w | Blood and Disc | Needle biopsy of the L3-4 disc | Cured |
| Shiferaw B et al., 2015. | M | 62 | HT | Back pain, fever, TEE: heart valve vegetation | T10-T11-T12 | Abiotrophia adiacens | not reported | IV VM 6 w | Blood | L2 posterior decompression and fixation T9 to L2 | Cured |
| York J et al., 2016 | M | 46 | DM, Smoker, dental procedure one month prior | Back and lower extremity pain, lower extremity weakness, numbness, saddle anesthesia | L2 | Granulicatella Adiacens | not reported | IV VM and CFZ 1 w, IV VM 6 w | Blood | L2 corpectomy, interbody cage, posterior decompression and fixation from L1 to L3 | Cured |
| Sandhu R et al., 2017. | M | 61 | DM, HT | Back pain, TEE: no vegetation, non valve degeneration | L3-L4 | Granulicatella Adiacens | not reported | IV CTX + GENT 6 w | Disc | needle biopsy of the L3-4 disc | Cured |
| Present case | M | 51 | Mitral valve prolaps, HT | Back pain, fever, neurological deficits. TEE: no vegetation, mixoid degeneration | L1-L2, L5-S1 | Granulicatella Adiacens | not reported | IV TPL + PO CPF 2 w, PO CPF 6 w | Blood | L5-S1 t laminotomy, pus drenage, disc biopsy | Cured |
AMOX: amoxicillin; AMP: ampicillin; CFZ: Ceftazidime; CLIN: clindamycin; CPF: ciprofloxacin; CTX: ceftriaxone; DM: diabetes mellitus; FA: fusidic acid; GENT: gentamicin; HT: hypertension, HL: hyperlipidemia; IHD: ischemic heart disease; IV: intravenous administration; PCN: penicillin; PD: Parkinson's disease; PM: pacemaker; PO: oral administration; RIF: rifampicin; TPL: teicoplanin; TEE: Transesophageal echocardiogram; VM: vancomycin; W: weeks.