Table 2.

Factors associated with HBV-related cirrhosis and/or HCC.

Variables	Cirrhosis				HCC
	Crude ORs		Adjusted ORsa		Crude ORs		Adjusted ORsb
	OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value
Gender
Women	1.0	0.1			1.0	0.8
Men	1.8 (0.8–4.0)				0.9 (0.4–1.9)
Age (OR per unit increase)	1.0 (1.0–1.0)	0.7			1.1 (1.0–1.1)	0.01	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.2
HBeAg
Negative	1.0	<0.001	1.0	0.04	1.0	<0.001	1.0	0.04
Positive	4.8 (2.3–10.1)		3.2 (1.0–10.5)		7.1 (3.1–16.4)		5.4 (1.1–26.8)
HBV DNA (IU/ml)c
<2,000	1.0	<0.001	1.0	0.1	1.0	<0.001	1.0	0.002
2,000–106	3.2 (1.6–6.4)		1.5 (0.6–3.4)		4.9 (2.1–11.7)		6.3 (1.5–26.4)
≥106	4.8 (2.0–11.5)		2.9 (0.8–11.5)		8.8 (3.2–23.9)		15.9 (2.6–97.3)
HBsAg (IU/ml)
<10,000	1.0	<0.001	1.0	<0.001	1.0	<0.001	1.0	0.01
≥10,000	0.2 (0.1–0.3)		0.1 (0.1–0.3)		0.2 (0.1–0.5)		0.1 (0.1–0.6)
Genotype
E	1.0	0.7			1.0	<0.001	1.0	0.02
A	1.2 (0.5–2.9)				4.9 (2.1–11.3)		5.2 (1.4–19.7)
PreS2Δ38–55
Negative	1.0	0.002	1.0	0.09	1.0	<0.001	1.0	0.03
Positive	2.7 (1.4–5.1)		1.9 (0.9–4.2)		4.9 (2.3–10.4)		3.3 (1.1–9.7)
Anti-HDV
Negative	1.0	0.01	1.0	0.04	1.0	0.001	1.0	0.002
Positive	16.4 (1.8–149.8)		15.5 (1.1–219.7)		41.8 (4.7-372.3)		135.7 (5.9–3,124.3)
Anti-HIV
Negative	1.0	0.5			1.0	n.a.
Positive	1.9 (0.3–10.7)				n.a.
AFB1 exposured
No	1.0	0.4			1.0	0.01
Yes	1.6 (0.6–4.2)				5.0 (1.5–17.2)

AFB1, aflatoxin B1; n.a., not applicable; OR, odds ratio.

^aAdjusted for HBeAg, HBV DNA levels, HBsAg levels, preS2Δ38–55, and anti-HDV.

^bAdjusted for age, HBeAg, HBV DNA levels, HBsAg levels, HBV genotype, preS2Δ38–55, and anti-HDV.

^cp values are based on a test for trend.

^dAFB1 exposure was evaluated in a subset of study participants and is not included in the multivariable analysis.