Construction of the TNF family-based signature in the TCGA dataset. (a), the distribution of risk score, survival status and gene expression panel. (b), Kaplan–Meier curves of OS in total LUAD (n=502) are stratified by TNF family-based signature in high and low risk groups based on the risk score. (c), Kaplan–Meier curves of OS in early-stage (stage I and II) LUAD (n=389) are stratified by TNF family-based signature in high- and low-risk groups based on the risk score. (d), Kaplan–Meier curves of OS in advanced-stage (stage III and IV) LUAD (n=105) are stratified by TNF family-based signature in high and low risk groups based on the risk score.