Fig. 2.

Crosstalk between redox homeostasis and metabolism in cancer cells. Finely tuned reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and scavenging are two aspects fundamental to cancer cells. Cancer cells are characterized by high levels of ROS that can impact tumour initiation, proliferation, survival and metastasis. To compensate for the higher rate of mitochondrial ROS (mROS) production, tumour cells express high levels of antioxidants to avoid ROS-driven mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-regulated cell death. Nrf2: nuclear respiratory factor 2, HIF-1: hypoxia-inducible factor-1. "Created with BioRender.com."