Table 1.

Summary of drugs discussed in the review and their mechanism of action.

Mitochondria function	Drug	Mechanism of action	Type of tumour tested	Phase	References
Bioenergetic	Metformin	Inhibition complex I	Breast, prostate, melanoma, ovary, lung	clinical trials	[77], [78], [79])
	2-DG and 2-FDG	competitor for binding hexokinase	lung, prostate, ovary, breast	clinical trials	[82], [83], [84])
	CPI-613	pdh and kgdh inhibitor	haematological cancers, pancreas	clinical trials	[94], [95], [96], [97])
	BAY 87–2243	Inhibition complex I	lung, prostate	clinical trials	[85]
	IACS-010,759	Inhibition complex I	AML, CLL	clinical trials	[86]
	MitoTam	Inhibition complex I	breast	clinical trials	[87]
	MitoVES	Inhibition complex I and II	breast	preclinical	[88]
	Lonidamine	Inhibition complex II	lung	clinical trials	[89]
	Enasidenib and Ivosidenib	mutant IDH inhibitors	AML	clinical trials	[100]
	DCA	PDKs inhibitor	lung, liver	clinical trials	[102]
	Gossypol	LDHA inhibitor, NADH competitor	breast, brain, prostate	clinical trials	[81]
	diclofenac and lumiracoxib	anti-glycolitic activity	melanoma	preclinical	[90]
	VLX600	ETC inhibitor	colon	clinical trials	[92]
	gamitrinib	inhibition HSP90 and TRAP-1 activity	lung, prostate	preclinical	[93]
	venetoclax and WEHI-539	reducing bioenergetic	breast	preclinical	[91]
Signalling	chloroquine	inhibition autophagy	hepatocarcinoma	clinical trials	[105]
	Tioconazole	blocking autophagy targeting ATG4B	colon	preclinical	[106]
	Verteporfin	blocking autophagosome formation	pancreas	clinical trials	[107]
	Vitamin K3	increasing generation of ROS	ovary	clinical trials	[110]
	PDT	mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer modulation	lung, liver	clinical trials	[56]
	Mipsagargin (G-202)	mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer modulation	glioblastoma, liver	clinical trials	[111]
	mitoxantrone and pixantrone	MCU complex inhibition	B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma	clinical trials	[112]
Biosynthesis	GLS inhibitors	reducing glutamine catabolism	breast, Burkitt lymphoma	clinical trials	[115, 116]