Table 2.
Studies indicating the role of ESR in the risk of CVD and cardiovascular events
| SN | First author (year) | N | FU (years) | Age | ESR (mm/h) | Events | Results | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andresdottir (2003) [99] | 16,673 | 20 |
51.9 ± 8.8 (men) 53.4 ± 9.6 (women) |
Median ESR: 3 (men) 8 (women) |
2893 CHD and 429 deaths due to cerebrovascular events | Hazard ratio for CHD = 1.57 (men) and 1.49 (women) due to ESR | ESR is a long-term predictor of CHD in men and women |
| 2 |
Natali (2003) [100] |
1995 | ~ 7.67 | 55 ± 10 | 8 (men) and 14 (women) | 170 | CC with atherosclerosis: 0.11, p < 0.0001 and OR = 1.72, p = 0.0008 | ESR is associated with coronary atherosclerosis and is an independent predictor of cardiac deaths |
| 3 |
Danesh (2004) [114] |
6428 | 12 | 70.2 ± 9.7 |
7.4 ± 10.6 (patients) 6.3 ± 9.7 (controls) |
2459 CHD and MI deaths | OR for CHD due to ESR = 1.30 | CRP is moderate, and ESR is a poor predictor of CHD |
| 4 |
Timmer (2005) [115] |
346 | 7.4 |
58.8 ± 108 (ESR < 15 mm/h) 62.3 ± 9.3 (ESR ≥ 15 mm/h) |
Median ESR = 8 | 87 | The odds ratio for sudden death due to ESR = 3.3, p < 0.01 | Elevated ESR with hyperglycemia are the predictors of mortality due to STEMI |
| 5 | Rajagopalan (2014) [85] | 5300 | 2 | 59.7 ± 14.2 | 36.6 ± 24.6 | 328 | Hazard ratio due to high ESR or CRP = 2.05 | There was a small improvement in CVD prediction when ESR or CRP was added to the Framingham model |
SN serial number, N number of patients, FU follow-up, CVD cardiovascular disease, CHD coronary artery disease, MI myocardial infarction, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C reactive protein