Table 1.
Illustrates list of all data features included in the prediction model development along with baseline characteristics.
| Feature number |
Feature | Cases (High Risk) |
Controls (Low Risk) |
P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Age | |||
| 21–30 years | 442 (08.36%) | 7488 (21.25%) | <0.0001 | |
| 31–40 years | 769 (14.54%) | 8236 (23.37%) | ||
| 41–50 years | 1245 (23.55%) | 5940 (16.85%) | ||
| 51–60 years | 1434 (27.12%) | 6587 (18.69%) | ||
| 61–70 years | 983 (18.59%) | 4217 (11.96%) | ||
| 71–80 years | 350 (06.62%) | 1923 (05.45%) | ||
| 80–89 years | 63 (01.19%) | 842 (02.38%) | ||
| 2 |
Body Mass Index (BMI) [25] Less than 18.5 = Underweight; 18.5–24.99 = Normal; 25.00–29.99 = Overweight; 30.0 and above = Obese |
|||
| Missing values | 49 (00.93%) | 2513 (07.13%) | <0.0001 | |
| Underweight | 25 (00.47%) | 466 (01.32%) | ||
| Normal | 284 (05.37%) | 7946 (22.55%) | ||
| Overweight | 933 (17.65%) | 9402 (26.69%) | ||
| Obese | 3995 (75.58%) | 14,906 (42.31%) | ||
| 3–30 |
Bleeding on probing (BOP) ** Each tooth is probed at six sites. |
|||
| Missing values (excludes extracted teeth) | 117,488 (80.89%) | 317,100 (35.40%) | <0.0001 | |
| Total number of teeth with BOP present | 8286 (05.71%) | 172,834 (19.29%) | ||
| Total number of teeth with BOP absent | 16,764 (11.54%) | 318,382 (35.34%) | ||
| 31. | Corticosteroids medications (Retrieved from medication lists from the iEHR) | |||
| Missing values | 0 | 477 (01.35%) | <0.0001 | |
| Corticosteroid prescribed | 1053 (19.92%) | 7258 (20.32%) | ||
| Corticosteroid not prescribed | 4233 (80.08%) | 27,598 (78.33%) | ||
| 32. |
Serum Creatinine Levels Females: Less than 0.6 mg/dl = low, 0.6 mg/dl to 1.1 mg/dl = Normal, More than 1.1 mg/dl = High Males: Less than 0.7 mg/dl = low,0.7 mg/dl to 1.3 mg/dl = Normal, More than 1.3 mg/dl = High |
|||
| Missing values | 1103 (20.87%) | 25,124 (71.31%) | <0.0001 | |
| Low | 211 (03.99%) | 292 (00.83%) | ||
| Normal | 3670 (69.43%) | 9271 (26.31%) | ||
| High | 302 (05.71%) | 546 (01.55%) | ||
| 33. | Use of Diabetic Medications | |||
| Missing | 0 | 477 (01.35%) | <0.0001 | |
| DM medication prescribed | 1870 (35.38%) | 1684 (04.78%) | ||
| DM medication not prescribed | 3416 (64.62%) | 33,072 (93.87%) | ||
| 34. | Ethnicity | |||
| Missing | 92 (01.74%) | 3013 (8.55%) | <0.0001 | |
| Declined | 49 (00.93%) | 352 (01.00%) | ||
| Hispanic or Latino | 162 (03.06%) | 113 (03.21%) | ||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 4975 (94.12%) | 30,674 (87.06%) | ||
| Patient Does Not Know | 8 (00.15%) | 64 (00.18%) | ||
| 35. |
Family history of Diabetes Family history included parents and siblings |
|||
| Yes | 459 (08.68%) | 178 (00.51%) | <0.0001 | |
| No | 4827 (91.32%) | 35,055 (99.49%) | ||
| 36. | Gender | |||
| Male | 2443 (46.2%) | 14,921 (42.3%) | <0.0001 | |
| Female | 2843 (53.7%) | 20,312 (57.6%) | ||
| 37. |
High Density Lipids (HDL) cholesterol Less than 40 mg/dl = Poor, 40 mg/dl to 59 mg/dl = Better, 60 mg/dl and above = Best |
|||
| Missing | 1516 (28.68%) | 28,790 (81.71%) | <0.0001 | |
| Poor | 1749 (33.09%) | 1347 (03.82%) | ||
| Better | 1711 (32.37%) | 3192 (09.06%) | ||
| Best | 310 (05.86%) | 1904 (05.40%) | ||
| 38. |
Hypertension <120 mm Hg (SBP) and <80 mm Hg (DBP) = Normal; 120–129 mm Hg (SBP) and <80 mm Hg (DBP) = Prehypertension; 130–139 mm Hg (SBP) or 80–89 mm Hg (DBP) = Stage 1 hypertension; ≥140 mm Hg (SBP) or ≥90 mm Hg (DBP) = Stage 2 hypertension; ≥180 mm Hg (SBP) or ≥120 mm Hg (DBP) = Hypertensive crisis |
|||
| Missing | 1453 (27.49%) | 1551 (04.40%) | <0.0001 | |
| Normal | 1084 (20.51%) | 11,896 (33.76%) | ||
| Prehypertension | 653 (12.35%) | 6287 (17.84%) | ||
| Stage 1 hypertension | 1250 (23.65%) | 11,439 (32.47%) | ||
| Stage 2 hypertension | 824 (15.59%) | 3976 (11.28%) | ||
| Hypertensive crisis | 22 (00.42%) | 84 (00.24%) | ||
| 39. | Use of Hypertensive medications | |||
| Missing | 0 | 477 (01.35%) | <0.0001 | |
| Hypertensive medication prescribed | 2001 (37.85%) | 9026 (25.62%) | ||
| Hypertensive medication not prescribed | 3285 (62.15%) | 25,730 (73.03%) | ||
| 40–45. |
Insurance Types: Medicare, Medicaid, Commercial, Self-pay, Senior Care (Prescription only), No health insurance |
|||
| Yes | 5195 (98.28%) | 33,483 (95.03%) | <0.0001 | |
| No | 91 (01.72%) | 1750 (04.97%) | ||
| 46. |
LDL cholesterol Less than 100 mg/dl = Optimal, 100 mg/dl to 129 mg/dl = Near optimal, 130 mg/dl to 159 mg/dl = Borderline high, 160 mg/dl to 189 mg/dl = High, 190 mg/dl and above = Very High |
|||
| Missing | 1666 (31.52%) | 28,855 (81.90%) | <0.0001 | |
| Optimal | 1786 (33.79%) | 2766 (07.85%) | ||
| Near optimal | 1082 (20.47%) | 2111 (05.99%) | ||
| Borderline high | 528 (09.99%) | 1078 (03.06%) | ||
| High | 165 (03.12%) | 311 (00.88%) | ||
| Very High | 59 (01.12%) | 112 (00.32%) | ||
| 47. | Total number of unique dental visits in the given measurement year | |||
| Continuous variable | 1.08 ± 2.64 | 3.49 ± 2.66 | <0.0001 | |
| 48. | Periodontal Disease (PD) Types | |||
| Missing | 2300 (43.51%) | 8783 (24.93%) | <0.0001 | |
| Healthy | 78 (01.48%) | 595 (01.69%) | ||
| Type 1 | 323 (06.11%) | 5370 (15.24%) | ||
| Type 2 | 1882 (35.60%) | 16,297 (46.25%) | ||
| Type 3 | 623 (11.79%) | 3712 (10.54%) | ||
| Type 4 | 78 (01.48%) | 445 (01.26%) | ||
| Type 5 | 2 (00.04%) | 31 (00.09%) | ||
| 49–76. |
Periodontal Pocket Depth (PPD) Each tooth is probed at six sites and maximum PPD value is assigned as the PPD for each tooth. |
|||
| Total number of teeth with missing PPD values (excludes extracted teeth) | 120,517 (82.98%) | 354,068 (39.53%) | <0.0001 | |
| Total number of teeth with PPD > 5 mm | 1270 (05.14%) | 17,794 (03.28%) | ||
| 77–84. |
Race Non-White: American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; White; Unknown: Patient Does Not Know, Declined and Unknown |
|||
| White | 4952 (92.87%) | 30,363 (85.57%) | <0.0001 | |
| Non-White | 206 (03.86%) | 1328 (03.74%) | ||
| Unknown | 174 (03.26%) | 3791 (10.68%) | ||
| 85. | Use of Statins | |||
| Missing | 0 | 477 (01.35%) | <0.0001 | |
| Statin prescribed | 1342 (25.39%) | 4941 (14.02%) | ||
| Statin not prescribed | 3944 (74.61%) | 29,815 (84.62%) | ||
| 86. | Tobacco use status | |||
| Missing | 2452 (46.39%) | 2393 (06.79%) | <0.0001 | |
| Current user | 847 (16.02%) | 13,041 (37.01%) | ||
| Former user | 809 (15.30%) | 7712 (21.89%) | ||
| Never | 1178 (22.29%) | 12,087 (34.31%) | ||
| 87–114. | Total number of missing teeth | |||
| Total number of missing teeth (includes extracted teeth) | 2767 (01.87%) | 90,756 (09.2%) | <0.0001 | |
| 115. |
Total Triglycerides Less than 150 mg/dl = Normal, 150 mg/dl to 199 mg/dl = Borderline high, 200 mg/dl to 499 mg/dl = High, 500 mg/dl and above = Very High. |
|||
| Missing | 1532 (28.98%) | 28,805 (81.76%) | <0.0001 | |
| Less than 150 mg/dl (Normal) | 1681 (31.80%) | 4628 (13.14%) | ||
| 150 mg/dl to 199 mg/dl (Borderline high) | 810 (15.32%) | 878 (02.49%) | ||
| 200 mg/dl to 499 mg/dl (High) | 1150 (21.76%) | 875 (02.48%) | ||
| 500 mg/dl and above (Very High) | 113 (02.14%) | 47 (00.13%) | ||
| 116. |
WBC Less than 4.0*109/L = Leukopenia, 4.0*109/L to 11.0 *109/L = Normal, More than 11.0*109/L = Leukocytosis |
|||
| Missing | 1883 (34.68%) | 25,958 (73.68%) | <0.0001 | |
| Less than 4.0*109/L (Leukopenia) | 33 (00.62% 0 | 233 (00.66%) | ||
| 4.0*109/L to 11.0 *109/L(Normal) | 2944 (55.69%) | 7869 (22.33%) | ||
| More than 11.0*109/L (Leukocytosis) | 476 (09.00%) | 1173 (3.33%) | ||