Table 3.
Reference | Lifestyle factors | Demographic factors | Preexisting comorbidities | Developed comorbidities | Clinical factors | Symptoms |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[15] |
Heart damage Kidney damage Liver damage |
Decrease albumin Increased PCT Increased neutrophils Increased C-reactive protein Increased cTnI Increased d-Dimer Increased LHD Decreased lymphocyte level |
||||
[21] |
Higher age Male gender |
|||||
[22] | Age > 65 years | Kidney impairment |
Leucocyte count > 4 × 109/L Lymphocyte < 1.5 × 109/L Increased serum creatinine baseline Increased serum creatinine peak Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Increased proteinuria Increased hematuria |
|||
[23] | Thrombocytopenia |
Decreased platelet count (40% decrease in mortality risk for every 50 × 109/L increase) Dynamic change of platelets |
||||
[24] | Higher BMI | Higher age |
Hypertension Diabetes Coronary heart disease |
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) 8% higher risk per unit increase Respiratory rate > 30 bpm Increased neutrophil Increased ALT Increased creatinine Increased prothrombin Increased C-reactive protein Increased procalcitonin |
||
[26] |
Hypoproteinemia Cholestasis Acute liver injury |
CT abnormalities Patchy shadows Ground glass opacities Consolidation Interlobular septal thickening Higher CT value |
||||
[28] | Diabetes | |||||
[30] |
Higher age Male gender |
|||||
[32] | Kidney disease | Acute kidney injury |
Elevated baseline serum creatinine Elevated baseline blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Proteinuria Hematuria |
|||
[34] | Age > 65 |
Coronary heart f Disease Cardiovascular disease |
PCT > 0.5 ng/ml AST > 40U/l |
Dyspnea | ||
[37] | Higher age |
Chronic illness Cerebrovascular disease |
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Hospital acquired infection organ function damage (kidney, cardiac, liver) Hypoxemia |
Low ratio partial pressure oxygen (PaO2) to FiO2 | ||
[38] | Higher age |
Hypertension Coronary heart disease |
Heart injury Cardiac death |
Increased NT-proBNP Increased myohemoglobin Increased CK-MB Increased hs-TnI Increased blood urea Increased creatinine Increased white blood cell count Increased CRP Increased procalcitonin Decreased lymphocyte Higher diastolic blood pressure |
||
[39] |
Higher age Male gender |
Hypertension Cardiovascular disease Hypercholesterolemia Diabetes |