Table 1. In vitro survival of microorganisms on textiles.
| Microorganism | Surface | Survival | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
|
E. coli, S. aureus |
Cotton and polyester | 5 log10 survived on cotton for 21 days; 0.16–0.28 log 10 survived on polyester for 21 days | Riley et al. (2017) |
| E. faecium, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa | Cotton | 4–5 log10E. faecium and S. aureus survived for 21 days. P. aeruginosa survived for 20 days. | Fijan, Pahor & Turk (2017) |
| Faecal coliforms | Cotton, blended textile and silk | Faecal coliforms survived for 120 days on cotton and blended textile at 25 °C (>1.1 ×104 CFU/ml). 1.1 ×102 CFU/ml survive on silk over 120 days. | Colclasure et al. (2015) |
| Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Paecilomyces sp. | Cotton, terry, blended textile, polyester and spandex | Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. survived for 1 to >30. days Fusarium sp. for 4 to >30 days, Mucor sp. for 6 to >30 days and Paecilomyces sp. for <1 to 11 days. | Neely & Orloff (2001) |
| SARS-CoV | Cotton and disposable gowns | SARS-CoV survived on a cotton gown for 5 min at an inoculum of 104 TCID50/ml and 24 h at an inoculum of 106 TCID50/ml. Survival on a disposable gown was 1 h at 104 TCID50/ml and 2 days at 106 TCID50/ml. |
Lai, Cheng & Lim (2005) |
| SARS-CoV-2 | Cloth and surgical masks | SARS-CoV-2 persisted on cloth for 2 days, compared to 4 days on glass and bank notes to 7 days on surgical masks, stainless steel and plastic. | Chin et al. (2020) |
| HSV-1 | Cotton | Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) in the presence of artificial soiling (bovine serum albumin and sheep erythrocytes) gradually reduces on cotton surfaces over time with a 1 log10 reduction after 30 min and complete inactivation within 48 h. | Gerhardts et al. (2016) |
| Poliovirus, adenovirus, hepatitis A virus and murine norovirus | Cotton, wool, gauze and diaper material | Poliovirus survives at room temperature for 84–140 days on wool and 42–84 days on cotton, adenovirus and hepatitis A remaining infectious for 60 days in cotton and murine norovirus surviving for 40 days on gauze and diaper material. | Yeargin et al. (2016) |
| HCoV OC43 and 229E | Cotton gauze sponge | HCoV 229E remained infectious for 12 h and OC43 for 3 h (initial titre 5 ×105 TCID50/ml). | Sizun, Yu & Talbot (2000) |