Table 2. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of invasive infections with Nannizziopsis obscura as previously reported in the literature*.
| Year of diagnosis | Sex/age, y | Underlying risk factors | Country of birth/time since last travel in Africa | Clinical, radiologic, and biologic findings | Direct examination | Serum β-D-glucan (Fungitell) | Suspected identification at diagnosis | Treatment (duration) | Outcome | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before 1982 (reported in 1984) | M/24 | HIV, osteomyelitis | Africa/7 y | Tibia (abscess) | Septate hyphae and budding yeasts | Not done | Geotrichum sp. and then Chrysosporium sp. | Amphotericin B (4 mo) | Persistent lytic area in the distal tibia after 2 y | (3) |
| 2005 | M/38 | HIV | Nigeria (living in Germany)/NA | Brain (abscess, needle aspiration); lung (nodules) | Not available | Not done | Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii | Voriconazole | Recovery without sequelae after 4 mo | (4) |
| 2015 | F/63 | T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (2014) | France/6 mo (Senegal) | Blood (blood culture, positive PCR on CSF, ascites fluid) | Septate hyphae, arthroconidia | Not done | N. obscura | Not treated | Dead before diagnosis | (6) |
| 2015 | M/34 | Renal transplant (2008) | Gambia/3 mo | Back (paraspinal abscesses); lymph nodes (needle aspiration) | Aleurioconidia and arthroconidia in chains | Not done | N. obscura | Posaconazole | Recovery after 10 mo of azole therapy | (7) |
| 2017 | F/52 | AIDS | Mali/resident | Brain (abscess), lung (nodule), β-D-glucan+ | Not done | 953 pg/mL | N. obscura | LAMB (1 mo), craniotomy, then voriconazole | Recovery but neurologic sequelae after 2 mo | (6) |
*CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; LAMB, liposomal amphotericin B; Ref, reference.