Table 1.

Risk factors for long-term outcomes and complications from ARDS.

Long-Term Outcome	Known or Suspected Risk Factors
Long-term mortality	Hospital-acquired ARDS, age, pre-morbid comorbidities, institutionalization prior to hospital admission
Cognitive impairment	Delirium (onset and duration), sedation with benzodiazepines sepsis, hypoxemia, pre-morbid cognitive impairment, veno-arterial ECMO rescue therapy
Psychiatric illness	Pre-morbid psychiatric disease, younger age, female, alcohol abuse, unemployment, inpatient opiate exposure
ICU-acquired weakness	Severity of illness, degree of organ failure, prolonged immobility, hyperglycemia, possible: paralytic use for refractory hypoxemia and corticosteroid use
Pulmonary dysfunction & radiographic abnormalities	Pulmonary causes of ARDS, duration of mechanical ventilation
Subsequent healthcare utilization	Inpatient length of stay, comorbid cardiovascular disease
Health-related quality of life	Persistent pulmonary dysfunction, ICU-acquired weakness, cognitive impairment, psychiatric illness