Table 2.
Laboratory findings of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 on admission to hospital
| Items | Normal range | All patients (n = 154) |
Mild type (n = 122) |
Severe type (n = 32) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood routine | |||||
| White blood cell (× 109/L) | 3.5–9.5 | 4.99 (3.87–6.37) | 4.99 (3.91–6.23) | 4.87 (3.52–6.91) | 0.796 |
| Neutrophis (× 109/L) | 1.8–6.3 | 3.47 (2.38–4.71) | 3.41 (2.38–4.58) | 3.63 (2.45–5.83) | 0.367 |
| Lymphocyte (× 109/L) | 1.10–3.20 | 1.11 (0.77–1.42) | 1.18 (0.89–1.50) | 0.76 (0.65–1.10) | < 0.001 |
| Red blood cell (× 1012/L) | 4.30–5.80 | 4.50 (4.20–4.80) | 4.50 (4.20–4.80) | 4.30 (4.10–4.80) | 0.251 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 130–175 | 139.63 ± 15.90 | 140.37 ± 15.85 | 136.84 ± 16.08 | 0.802 |
| Platelet (× 109/L) | 125–350 | 179.5 (140.0–239.0) | 180.0 (146.0–240.0) | 165 (124.5–235.0) | 0.285 |
| Inflammatory biomarkers | |||||
| ESR (mm/h) | 0–20 | 22.0 (8.0–42.5) | 16.0 (7.0–39.5) | 31.0 (26.3–63.5) | 0.008 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | < 6 | 15.4 (3.9–33.9) | 11.7 (2.7–25.2) | 34.0 (19.2–74.1) | < 0.001 |
| Serum amyloid A (mg/L) | < 10 | 84.2 (26.3–187.3) | 76.6 (15.9–176.7) | 132.3 (76.4–187.4) | 0.039 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/ml) | < 0.5 | 0.03 (0.02–0.07) | 0.03 (0.02–0.06) | 0.05 (0.02–0.09) | 0.187 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | < 7 | 18.1 (6.1–36.1) | 12.9 (5.1–26.5) | 41.8 (23.6–80.2) | < 0.001 |
| Biochemical indicators | |||||
| Albumin (g/L) | 40–55 | 41.0 ± 4.14 | 41.9 ± 3.75 | 37.6 ± 3.79 | < 0.001 |
| Alanine transaminase (U/L) | 0–50 | 24.5 (15.0–37.0) | 23.0 (13.0–37.00 | 28.5 (20.0–47.5) | 0.043 |
| Aspartate transferase (U/L) | 15–40 | 26.0 (20.0–33.0) | 25.0 (19.0–33.0) | 29.5 (25.0–42.5) | 0.003 |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 0.0–26.00 | 10.9 (7.2–15.2) | 10.3 (7.0–14.8) | 12.7 (8.1–17.9) | 0.084 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 3.1–8.0 | 3.8 (3.1–4.6) | 3.7 (3.1–4.4) | 4.2 (3.2–5.4) | 0.037 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 35–115 | 63.6 ± 16.71 | 63.3 ± 15.9 | 64.9 ± 19.6 | 0.635 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 3.89–6.11 | 6.2 (5.4–6.8) | 6.0 (5.4–6.8) | 6.5 (5.8–9.4) | 0.032 |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 50–310 | 62.0 (44.0–88.0) | 61.0 (46.3–88.0) | 63.0 (42.0–110.0) | 0.946 |
| Creatine kinase MB (U/L) | 0–24 | 9.0 (6.0–13.0) | 9.0 (6.0–12.0) | 9.5 (6.0–13.0) | 0.296 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 120–250 | 234.0 (203.3–284.0) | 228.0 (196.8–264.3) | 336.5 (263.0–401.0) | < 0.001 |
| Potassium (μmol/L) | 3.50–5.30 | 3.7 (3.5–4.1) | 3.7 (3.5–4.1) | 3.7 (3.3–4.2) | 0.424 |
| Sodium (μmol/L) | 137.0–147.0 | 137.2 (135.2–138.9) | 137.7 (135.6–139.4) | 135.1 (132.5–137.7) | < 0.001 |
| Immune cell typing | |||||
| Lymphocyte (× 106/L) | 1530–3700 | 1061 (753–1469) | 1240 (812–1543) | 764 (585–987) | < 0.001 |
| Natural killer cell (× 106/L) | 84–724 | 147 (92–246) | 156 (92–258) | 130 (91–191) | 0.204 |
| B cell (× 106/L) | 80–616 | 124 (81–197) | 134 (87–212) | 106 (67–139) | 0.066 |
| T cell (× 106/L) | 723–2737 | 740 (507–1047) | 864 (598–1125) | 477 (337–675) | < 0.001 |
| CD4+T cell (× 106/L) | 404–1612 | 411 (278–587) | 462 (314–621) | 221 (185–407) | < 0.001 |
| CD8+T cell (× 106/L) | 220–1129 | 280 (173–433) | 326 (224–478) | 172 (119–269) | < 0.001 |
| CD4+/CD8+ | 0.71–2.78 | 1.37 (1.07–1.85) | 1.37 (1.09–1.83) | 1.36 (0.95–2.09) | 0.963 |
| Blood coagulation function | |||||
| PT (s) | 9.0–13.0 | 11.3 (10.8–12.3) | 11.3 (10.8–12.3) | 11.5 (10.9–12.4) | 0.835 |
| INR | 0.75–1.30 | 0.98 (0.95–1.07) | 0.98 (0.95–1.07) | 1.00 (0.95–1.08) | 0.927 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 14.0–21.0 | 3.3 (2.5–4.1) | 3.1 (2.5–3.8) | 3.7 (3.3–4.9) | 0.004 |
| Thrombin time (s) | 14.0–21.0 | 14.6 (13.9–15.8) | 14.4 (13.6–15.4) | 15.4 (14.5–17.2) | < 0.001 |
| d-dimer (μg/L) | 0.00–0.55 | 0.28 (0.20–0.55) | 0.24 (0.19–0.40) | 0.50 (0.31–0.72) | < 0.001 |
^P values indicate differences between mild and severe patients. A P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant