Table 1.

Study characteristics

Author, Journal, Year	Study type	Study size (n =)	Definition of hypothermia	Time of temperature measurement	Normothermic at admission n (%)	Hypothermic at admission n (%)
Studies including trauma patients overall
Aitken et al., Resuscitation, 2009	Retrospective database analysis	2,026	< 35 °C	ED admission	1,902 (93.9)	124 (6.1)
Arthurs et al., Am J Surg, 2006	Retrospective single center	2,848	< 36 °C	ED admission	2,331 (81.8)	517 (18.2)
Balvers et al., J Emerg Trauma Shock, 2016	Retrospective multicenter	953	≤ 35 °C	ICU admission	599 (62.9)	354 (37.1)
Bukur et al., J Trauma Acute Care Surg, 2012	Retrospective database analysis	21,023	≤ 36.5 °C	ED admission	11,642 (55.4)	9,381 (44.6)
Hsieh et al., Int J Env Res Pub He, 2018	Retrospective single center	13,769	< 36 °C	ED admission	13,368 (97.1)	401 (2.9)
Ireland et al., Resuscitation, 2011	Prospective single center	732	< 35 °C	ED admission	635 (86.7)	97 (13.3)
Luna et al., J Trauma, 1987	Prospective single center	94	≤ 36 °C	Field, ED, OR	32 (34)	62 (66)
Martin et al., Shock, 2005	Retrospective database analysis	700,304	< 35 °C	ED admission	689,278 (98.4)	11,026 (1.6)
Mommsen et al., Injury, 2013	Retrospective single center	310	< 35 °C	ED admission	196 (63.2)	114 (36.8)
Wang et al., Crit Care Med, 2005	Retrospective database analysis	38,520	≤ 35 °C	ED admission	36,599 (95)	1,921 (5)
Studies including patients with traumatic brain injury
Bukur et al., J Surg Res, 2012	Retrospective database analysis	1,834	≤ 35 °C	ED admission	1,790 (97.6)	44 (2.4)
Rubiano et al., Injury, 2013	Retrospective database analysis	9,094+	≤ 35 °C	ED admission	7,431 (67.4)	1,663 (32.6)
Tohme et al., Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med, 2014	Prospective multicenter cohort	589	≤ 35 °C	ED admission	443 (75.2)	146 (24.8)
Winkelmann et al., Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg, 2018	Retrospective single center	278	< 35 °C	ED admission	176 (63.3)	102 (36.7)

⁺Excluding 1,939 patients with no temperature recorded