Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants with baseline disability data and proportion with self-reported disability†
| Women | Men | Total | |||||||
| n | Reporting disability, n (%) | P value* | n | Reporting disability, n (%) | P value* | n | Reporting disability, n (%) | P value* | |
| Overall | 10 153 | 857 (8.4) | – | 6595 | 420 (6.4) | – | 16 748 | 1277 (7.6) | – |
| Age group | |||||||||
| 18–34 | 5503 | 167 (3.0) | <0.001* | 3378 | 73 (2.2) | <0.001* | 8881 | 240 (2.7) | <0.001* |
| 35–44 | 1914 | 103 (5.4) | 1339 | 48 (3.6) | 3253 | 151 (4.6) | |||
| 45–54 | 1100 | 122 (11.1) | 786 | 55 (7.0) | 1886 | 177 (9.4) | |||
| 55–64 | 773 | 116 (15.0) | 486 | 64 (13.2) | 1259 | 180 (14.3) | |||
| 65–69 | 258 | 54 (20.9) | 175 | 25 (14.3) | 433 | 79 (18.2) | |||
| 70–74 | 212 | 75 (35.4) | 133 | 38 (28.6) | 345 | 113 (32.8) | |||
| 75–79 | 189 | 94 (49.7) | 138 | 45 (32.6) | 327 | 139 (42.5) | |||
| 80+ | 204 | 126 (61.8) | 160 | 72 (45.0) | 364 | 198 (54.4) | |||
| Education level‡ | |||||||||
| None | 378 | 117 (31.0) | 0.002* | 98 | 27 (27.6) | 0.06* | 476 | 144 (30.3) | <0.001* |
| Some primary/completed primary | 6603 | 632 (9.6) | 3284 | 269 (8.2) | 9887 | 901 (9.1) | |||
| Some secondary/completed secondary | 2633 | 82 (3.1) | 2707 | 99 (3.7) | 5340 | 181 (3.4) | |||
| Tertiary | 469 | 15 (3.2) | 467 | 24 (5.1) | 936 | 39 (4.2) | |||
| Occupation§ | |||||||||
| Not working | 1013 | 202 (19.9) | <0.001 | 985 | 106 (10.8) | <0.001 | 1998 | 308 (15.4) | <0.001 |
| Manual | 143 | 5 (3.5) | 745 | 28 (3.8) | 888 | 33 (3.7) | |||
| Farmer/fisherman | 7637 | 567 (7.4) | 4092 | 256 (6.3) | 11 729 | 823 (7.0) | |||
| Non-manual/business/professional | 1249 | 62 (5.0) | 724 | 26 (3.6) | 1973 | 88 (4.5) | |||
| Union status¶ | |||||||||
| Not in a union | 3381 | 479 (14.2) | <0.001 | 1933 | 97 (5.0) | 0.001 | 5314 | 576 (10.8) | <0.001 |
| In a union | 6768 | 378 (5.6) | 4659 | 323 (6.9) | 11 427 | 701 (6.1) | |||
| BMI (kg/m²)** | |||||||||
| <18.5 | 669 | 61 (9.1) | 0.005 | 601 | 57 (9.5) | 0.38 | 1270 | 118 (9.3) | <0.001 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 6074 | 423 (7.0) | 4847 | 263 (5.4) | 10 921 | 686 (16.3) | |||
| 25–29.9 | 1869 | 176 (9.4) | 497 | 50 (10.1) | 2366 | 226 (9.6) | |||
| 30+ | 689 | 90 (13.1) | 80 | 10 (12.5) | 769 | 100 (13.0) | |||
| Hypertension†† | |||||||||
| No hypertension | 6069 | 416 (6.9) | 0.69 | 3599 | 200 (5.6) | 0.05 | 9668 | 616 (6.4) | 0.05 |
| Hypertension | 1011 | 242 (23.9) | 633 | 110 (17.4) | 1644 | 352 (21.4) | |||
| Diabetes‡‡ | |||||||||
| No diabetes | 6189 | 535 (8.6) | 0.22 | 3582 | 259 (7.2) | 0.007 | 9771 | 794 (8.1) | 0.008 |
| Diabetes | 109 | 25 (22.9) | 69 | 19 (27.5) | 178 | 44 (24.7) | |||
| HIV status§§ | |||||||||
| Negative | 6128 | 490 (8.0) | 0.69 | 3070 | 218 (7.1) | 0.60 | 9198 | 708 (7.7) | 0.90 |
| Positive | 907 | 70 (7.7) | 443 | 38 (8.6) | 1350 | 108 (8.0) | |||
| Chronic diseases (n)¶¶ *** | |||||||||
| 0 | 4243 | 261 (6.2) | 0.77* | 2054 | 102 (5.0) | 0.002* | 6297 | 363 (5.8) | 0.02* |
| 1 | 1166 | 170 (14.6) | 620 | 91 (14.7) | 1786 | 261 (14.6) | |||
| 2 | 100 | 19 (19.0) | 69 | 14 (20.3) | 169 | 33 (19.5) | |||
| 3 | 5 | 1 (20.0) | 2 | 1 (50.0) | 7 | 2 (28.6) | |||
*P value for difference using likelihood ratio test, values marked as * (age, education level, number of chronic diseases) p value for trend. For all variables other than age group this is controlled for age (as a continuous variable).
†Defined as answering ‘a lot of difficulty’ or ‘can’t do at all’ to at least one disability domain.
‡Education level: no data on 70 women and 39 men.
§Occupation: no data on 111 women and 49 men.
¶Union status: no data on 4 women and 3 men.
**BMI: no data on 872 women and 570 men.
††Hypertension: no data on 3073 women and 2363 men.
‡‡Diabetes: no data on 3855 women and 2944 men.
§§HIV status: no data on 3118 women and 3082 men.
¶¶Chronic diseases included in this variable: hypertension, diabetes, HIV.
***Number of chronic diseases variable: no data on 4639 women and 3850 men (only participants with data on all three chronic diseases included).
BMI, body mass index.