Table 4.
Eight patients with stroke (Patient 23–30)
| Patient | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, M/F, ethnicity, COVID-19 diagnosis, severity, time from COVID onset | 61, M, Black, definite/mild, 2 days | 64, M, White, definite/severe , 15 days | 64, M, White definite/severe, NK | 53, F, Asian, definite/severe, 22 days | 58, M, Black, probable/mild, 2 days | 85, M, White, definite/mild, 10 days | 73, M, Asian, definite/mild, 8 days | 27, F, White, probable/mild, 0 days |
| Stroke type, observed/implicated mechanism; venous thromboembolism | Ischaemic right middle cerebral artery occlusion; yes, PE | Ischaemic, vertebral-basilar artery occlusion; yes, PE | Ischaemic bilateral ACA-MCA and MCA-PCA cortical and deep borderzone infarct; no | Ischaemic, vertebral-basilar artery occlusion; no | Ischaemic, proximal left middle cerebral artery occlusion; yes PE | Ischaemic, left posterior cerebral artery occlusion; no | Ischaemic basilar artery occlusion, no | Ischaemic left internal cerebral artery occlusion; yes PE |
| Fibrinogen (g/l; 1.5–4.0), D-dimer (µg/l; 0–550), Prothrombin time (s; 10–12) | 4.63, 27 190, 10.7 | 9.5, 80 000, 11.6 | 8.82, 29 000, 12.6 | 2.91, 7750, 34.4 | 3.15, 75 320, 12,2 | 5.3, 16 100, 11.3 | NR, NR, 14.9 | NR, NR, 11.5 |
| Brain imaging (summary) | MRI: acute infarct in the right corpus striatum. Multiple supra- and infra-tentorial cortical and subcortical microhaemorrhages | MRI: (1st event): acute left vertebral artery thrombus and acute left posterior-inferior cerebellar artery territory infarction with microhaemorrhages. 2nd event, 7 days later: bilateral acute posterior cerebral artery territory infarcts despite therapeutic anticoagulation | MRI: subacute infarcts within the deep internal border zones of the cerebral hemispheres bilaterally, and within the left frontal white matter. Background moderate small vessel disease and established cortical infarcts, in arterial border zone territories | Non-contrast CT: showed acute right parietal cortical and left cerebellar infarct with mass effect and hydrocephalus, despite therapeutic anticoagulation | MRI: extensive evolving left MCA infarct with evidence of petechial haemorrhage and associated mass-effect as described. Persistent occlusion of the left M2 MCA branches | Non-contrast CT: showed hyperdensity consistent with thrombus in the left posterior cerebral artery and acute infarction in the left temporal stem and cerebral peduncle | MRI: acute infarction in the right thalamus, left pons, right occipital lobe and right cerebellar hemisphere | CT: right middle cerebral artery and right anterior cerebral artery territory infarction |
| Tissue plasminogen activator, mechanical ventilation, anti-thrombotic therapy | No, no, LMWH | No, no, LMWH | No, no, LMWH | No, no, LMWH | No, no, LMWH | No, no, aspirin 7 days then switched to apixaban | Yes, no, aspirin 5 days then switched to LMWH | Aspirin 10 days then LMWH |
| Outcome status | Rehabilitation unit | Rehabilitation unit | Remains static in ICU (Day 31) | Died | Rehabilitation unit | Rehabilitation unit | Stroke unit | Rehabilitation unit |
ACA = anterior cerebral artery F = female; ICU = intensive care unit; LMWH = low molecular weight heparin; M = male; MCA = medial cerebral artery; NK = not known; NR = no result; PCA = posterior cerebral artery; PE = pulmonary embolism.