Table 3.
Type I Error and Power (%) for Detecting Treatment Effects
| Endpoint | Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | Case 5 | Case 6 | Case 7 | Case 8 | Case 9 | Case 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese remdesivir trial design | ||||||||||
| SR15a | 2.52 | 84.5 | 82.1 | 86.7 | 91.1 | 81.1 | 85.9 | 81.4 | 85.6 | 79.3 |
| ASR1–28b | 2.50 | 89.6 | 87.6 | 91.5 | 93.8 | 88.0 | 90.7 | 87.0 | 89.2 | 82.0 |
| ASR8–28b | 2.50 | 90.3 | 88.2 | 92.2 | 94.1 | 89.0 | 91.5 | 87.2 | 88.4 | 80.5 |
| OR15c | 2.68 | 85.4 | 84.4 | 86.2 | 95.2 | 77.9 | 86.2 | 83.8 | 88.7 | 85.1 |
| OR1–28d | 2.53 | 89.6 | 88.6 | 90.5 | 96.3 | 84.3 | 90.5 | 87.6 | 91.3 | 89.9 |
| OR8–28d | 2.58 | 91.1 | 90.2 | 92.1 | 97.3 | 86.3 | 92.1 | 89.1 | 91.6 | 88.4 |
| TTCI | 2.38 | 80.2 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.1 | 80.1 | 80.1 | 80.0 | 80.2 | 79.8 |
| TTR | 2.37 | 81.8 | 81.8 | 81.5 | 83.0 | 80.4 | 83.1 | 81.0 | 82.4 | 83.0 |
| TTC | 2.77 | 70.6 | 61.7 | 80.1 | 68.4 | 74.3 | 73.8 | 64.0 | 68.0 | 85.7 |
| TTD | 2.73 | 55.9 | 46.3 | 66.8 | 42.4 | 72.8 | 61.1 | 47.0 | 37.2 | 1.6 |
| WLW-imp | 2.38 | 86.3 | 86.4 | 85.9 | 90.8 | 84.8 | 92.7 | 79.3 | 88.2 | 85.2 |
| WLW-det | 2.81 | 78.8 | 69.8 | 87.4 | 79.2 | 80.6 | 72.2 | 78.9 | 72.2 | 60.2 |
| WLW-ben | 2.69 | 87.7 | 84.9 | 90.6 | 90.4 | 87.7 | 90.0 | 84.0 | 86.9 | 80.4 |
| WLW-rc | 2.63 | 83.2 | 79.3 | 87.0 | 82.7 | 84.1 | 84.7 | 80.3 | 82.1 | 89.7 |
| NIAID remdesivir trial design | ||||||||||
| SR15a | 2.57 | 80.6 | 77.9 | 83.2 | 86.2 | 79.9 | 81.9 | 77.2 | 83.8 | 70.5 |
| ASR1–28b | 2.58 | 86.9 | 84.5 | 89.3 | 90.3 | 87.4 | 87.9 | 83.8 | 86.7 | 73.6 |
| ASR8–28b | 2.58 | 87.8 | 85.3 | 90.2 | 91.0 | 88.5 | 89.2 | 84.0 | 85.9 | 72.2 |
| OR15c | 2.58 | 80.6 | 78.6 | 82.4 | 89.5 | 77.4 | 81.1 | 78.9 | 86.2 | 71.2 |
| OR1–28d | 2.46 | 86.3 | 84.5 | 88.2 | 92.1 | 85.1 | 87.4 | 83.8 | 88.6 | 78.7 |
| OR8–28d | 2.53 | 87.8 | 86.1 | 89.6 | 93.9 | 86.3 | 88.7 | 85.4 | 88.7 | 75.3 |
| TTCI | 2.55 | 75.3 | 74.7 | 75.5 | 70.1 | 79.2 | 73.8 | 76.5 | 71.6 | 68.7 |
| TTR | 2.57 | 80.1 | 79.9 | 80.2 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.2 | 80.2 | 80.2 | 80.1 |
| TTC | 2.57 | 60.8 | 51.4 | 71.0 | 56.4 | 65.7 | 64.0 | 53.3 | 60.1 | 79.6 |
| TTD | 2.47 | 53.2 | 42.8 | 64.6 | 37.0 | 71.8 | 60.5 | 40.3 | 25.4 | 0.4 |
| MR28e | 2.49 | 54.7 | 44.6 | 66.0 | 38.8 | 72.9 | 61.1 | 43.0 | 25.7 | 0.6 |
| WLW-imp | 2.51 | 84.9 | 84.8 | 84.6 | 87.2 | 86.1 | 90.5 | 75.7 | 87.0 | 79.4 |
| WLW-det | 2.25 | 66.3 | 55.8 | 77.2 | 66.3 | 69.4 | 50.5 | 79.2 | 45.9 | 35.4 |
| WLW-ben | 2.47 | 84.3 | 80.9 | 87.6 | 85.6 | 86.2 | 84.0 | 83.2 | 79.4 | 68.4 |
| WLW-rc | 2.57 | 79.4 | 75.1 | 83.4 | 77.2 | 81.3 | 80.5 | 76.4 | 78.8 | 86.7 |
Abbreviations: ASR, average severity rating; MR, mortality rate; NIAID, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; OR, odds ratio; SR, severity rating; TTC, time to critical illness; TTCI, time to clinical improvement; TTD, time to death; TTR, time to recovery; WLW-ben, Wei-Lin-Weissfeld method for benefit; WLW-det, Wei-Lin-Weissfeld method for deterioration; WLW-imp, Wei-Lin-Weissfeld method for improvement; WLW-rc, Wei-Lin-Weissfeld method for recovery and critical illness.
aMean severity rating at day 15.
bMean of average severity rating over days 1–28 (ASR1–28) or days 8–28 (ASR8–28).
cOdds of lower severity at day 15.
dOdds of lower severity over days 1–28 (OR1–28) or days 8–28 (OR8–28).
eMortality rate at day 28.