Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics, laboratory values, and medications
| Characteristic | All (n = 332) | Myocardial injury (n = 123) | No myocardial injury (n = 209) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 66.9 (55.4–75.5) | 74.2 (67.8–80.1) | 60.7 (51.4–70.5) | <0.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 95 (28.6) | 28 (22.8) | 67 (32.1) | 0.07 |
| Body mass index | 26.7 (24.2–30.1) | 26.4 (23.9–29.7) | 26.8 (24.2–30.4) | 0.60 |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 179 (54.1) | 93 (76.2) | 86 (41.1) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 71 (21.4) | 35 (28.7) | 36 (17.2) | 0.014 |
| Current or recent smoker, n (%) | 31 (9.4) | 19 (15.6) | 12 (5.7) | 0.003 |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 85 (25.7) | 47 (38.5) | 38 (18.2) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Known CAD, n (%) | 49 (14.5) | 34 (27.6) | 15 (7.2) | <0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 36 (10.9) | 29 (23.8) | 7 (3.35) | <0.001 |
| PAD, n (%) | 18 (5.4) | 14 (11.5) | 4 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| COPD, n (%) | 33 (9.9) | 18 (14.7) | 15 (7.2) | 0.026 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 37 (11.2) | 21 (17.2) | 16 (7.7) | 0.008 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.94 (0.74–1.18) | 1.11 (0.79–1.60) | 0.88 (0.72–1.06) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min | 81.9 (59.8–96.4) | 64.4 (40.1–87.4) | 88.2 (72.1–102.22) | <0.001 |
| Leucocytes, count/mm3 | 6420 (5020–9390) | 6800 (5000–9880) | 6090 (5020–8870) | 0.19 |
| Lymphocytes count/mm3 | 898 (634–1287) | 817 (516–1183) | 967 (682–1315) | 0.006 |
| Haemoglobin, g/dL | 13.9 (12.6–15.0) | 13.6 (12.0–14.5) | 14.2 (13.0–15.2) | 0.004 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 9.39 (3.98–16.7) | 11.8 (6.84–18.3) | 7.69 (2.85–15.5) | 0.002 |
| D-dimera, ng/mL | 483 (297–890) | 654 (353–1711) | 394 (281–642) | <0.001 |
| hs-Troponin I, mg/L | 11.4 (4.65–37.3) | 52 (33.6–143) | 6 (3.2–10.5) | <0.001 |
| BNPb, pg/mL | 72.5 (34.5–198) | 202 (94–501) | 45 (27–91) | <0.001 |
| BNP >100 pg/mL, n (%) | 121 (39.8) | 80 (70.2) | 41 (21.2) | <0.001 |
| Baseline medical therapy | ||||
| ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 117 (35.3) | 58 (47.5) | 59 (28.2) | <0.001 |
| Beta-blockers, n (%) | 96 (29) | 54 (44.3) | 42 (20.1) | <0.001 |
| Statin, n (%) | 72 (21.7) | 42 (34.4) | 30 (14.3) | <0.001 |
| In-hospital medical therapy | ||||
| Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 283 (85.2) | 109 (88.6) | 174 (83.2) | 0.18 |
| Lopinavir/ritonavir, n (%) | 175 (52.7) | 74 (60.2) | 101 (48.3) | 0.037 |
| Darunavir/cobicistat, n (%) | 103 (31.0) | 32 (26.0) | 71 (33.9) | 0.13 |
| Remdesivir, n (%) | 2 (0.6) | 2 (1.63) | 0 (0) | 0.14 |
Continuous variables are reported as median and 25th–75th percentiles.
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; PAD, peripheral arterial disease.
a
D-dimer was available in 270 (81%) out of 332 patients.
b
BNP values were available in 310 (93.4%) out of 332 patients.
P-value refers to the comparison between patients with myocardial injury and patients without myocardial injury.