Table 2.
Vitamin and mineral adjunctive therapies in viral, bacterial, and oncologic diseases
| Disease | Study design | Study year | Therapy | Findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glioma/glioblastoma | Phase 2 interventional (clinical trial) | 2023 | Radiation, temozolomide, vitamin C | Ongoing; ending in 2023 | Clinical trial NCT0234435537 |
| COVID-19 | Randomized, open-label phase 4 trial | 2020 | Hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, zinc sulfate, doxycycline | Ongoing; ending in 2020 | Clinical trial NCT0437078238 |
| Leukemia | Phase 2 clinical trial | 2020 | Azacitidine, vitamin C | Ongoing; ending in 2020 | Clinical trial NCT0339717339 |
| Sepsis | – | 2019 | Vitamin D, standard antibiotic therapy | Vitamin D supplementation improved sepsis score and decreased levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein | Hagag et al (2019)40 |
| Severe pneumonia | Retrospective cohort study | 2018 | Vitamin C, hydrocortisone, thiamine | Compared with control group, adjunctive therapy group had lower hospital mortality and higher rate of recovery from severe pneumonia | Kim et al (2018)41 |
| Atopic dermatitis | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial | 2018 | Vitamin D3 (5000 IU/d), baseline therapy (topical steroid, soap substitute, and emollient) | Treatment group had reduced atopic dermatitis severity score | Sánchez-Armendáriz et al (2018)42 |
| Hepatitis C | Controlled randomized clinical trial | 2017 | Vitamin C (orange juice), pegylated interferon combined with ribavirin | Levels of liver enzyme aspartate aminotransferase decreased in patients who had high levels before the study | Gonçalves et al (2017)43 |
| Ehrlich ascites carcinoma | Rodent study | 2017 | Selenium, cyclophosphamide | Selenium improved chemotherapeutic effect of cyclophosphamide | Bhattacharjee et al (2017)44 |
| Sensorineural hearing loss | Nonblinded, noncontrolled study | 2015 | Vitamin A (26 000 IU), vitamin C (200 mg), vitamin E (200 IU), selenium (50 μg), methylprednisolone (1 mg/kg), trimetazidine dihydrochloride (20 mg, 3 times daily) | Treatment with vitamins A, C, and E and selenium was effective in restoring function after sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss | Kaya et al (2015)45 |