Table 4. The effect of HPV status on Oropharyngeal Cancer (OPC).
Direct Effect | Indirect Effect | Total Effect | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases (N) | Controls (N) | Effect Estimate | (95%CI) | Effect Estimate | (95%CI) | Effect Estimate | (95%CI) | |
Modified Fagerström Score | ||||||||
HPV Positive-OPC | 281 | 567 | 0.99 | (0.41, 2.39) | 1.15 | (1.03, 1.28) | 1.05 | (0.67, 1.65) |
HPV Negative-OPC | 118 | 567 | 2.15 | (1.24, 3.73) | 1.42 | (1.14, 1.77) | 3.06 | (1.65, 5.66) |
Models are adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, education, smoking status, age started smoking, and family history of HNC cancer, and average daily alcohol consumption (grams/day). The table demonstrates the direct effect of nicotine dependence by HPV status within Oropharyngeal Cancer (OPC) cases. The effects are demonstrated by the modified Fagerström (the combination of only Score 1: time to first cigarette and score 4: smoking intensity).